大吉嶺喜馬拉雅鐵路(),是印度最早的鐵路之一。1999年以環山鐵路系統的經典之作被納入世界遺產清單中。總長約60-80公里,軌距610毫米,行駛一種迷你的爬山火車,暱稱為玩具火車。整個鐵路連接印度西孟加拉省的大吉嶺和西里古里。始建於1879年,1880年,長51.2公里的西里古里至Kurseong段首先完工,1881年全線完工通車。
大吉嶺喜馬拉雅鐵路的高低變化相當大,從海拔124公尺的西里古里(印度平原上的古城)一路爬升到以產茶聞名的大吉嶺(海拔2258公尺),今日仍保留了15噸的蒸氣火車的行駛(大約是四節車廂),此古老的蒸氣火車頭是1889年到1925年間,英國Sharp, Stewart和North British機廠,還有美國Baldwin機廠生產的。從西里古里到大吉嶺約花8小時。從西里古里站出發後26公里,在鐵軌旁設有水櫃給蒸氣火車頭加水。爲了減小坡度,在世界上首先運用了馬蹄型和人字形鐵軌路線,中間會經過著名的馬蹄型鐵軌路線Batasia loop。此外爲了提高阻力,避免車輪在爬坡時打滑,車頭有兩名撒沙工責在鐵軌上撒沙子。
大吉嶺喜馬拉雅鐵路的車站包括了,Tindharia, Kurseong, Mahanadi, Toong, Sonada和Ghoom。
延伸阅读
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- (Facsimile reprint. Originally published: Kurseong: Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, 1921.)
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- (Facsimile reprint of the 1st edition, originally published in 1896 by the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Company, Darjeeling, India.)
*Darjeeling's Wonderful Railway - A Visitors Guide: Published by the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Society
*Churchill, David (2018). The Incredible Darjeeling 'B' Class. Solihull, UK: Published by the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Society
參考資料
外部連結
- [http://www.dhrs.org Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Society site]
- [http://etrain.info/in?STATION=DJ List of all trains at Darjeeling Railway Station]
- More pictures of Darjeeling and the railroad at [https://web.archive.org/web/20110718174614/http://digital.lib.uh.edu/cdm4/results.php?CISOBOX3=darjeeling&CISOFIELD1=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOFIELD2=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOFIELD3=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOFIELD4=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOROOT=%2Fp15195coll29&CISOOP1=all&CISOOP2=exact&CISOOP3=any&CISOOP4=none the University of Houston Digital Library]
- [http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xsks9z Darjeeling Himalayan Railway] BBC video documentary
*[https://northbengaltourism.com/toy-train-darjeeling/ Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Information] North Bengal Tourism
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