词法学（，“組織與形態”），又稱形態學、构词学，是語言學的一個分支，研究單詞（）的內部結構和其形成方式。如英語的dog、dogs和dog-catcher有相當的關係，英語使用者能夠利用他們的背景知識來判斷此關係，對他們來說，dog和dogs的關係就如同cat和cats，dog和dog-catcher就如同dish和dishwasher。構詞學正是研究這種單字間組成的關係，並試著整理出其組成的規則。
基本概念
英文字的根基(字根)
「Lexeme」 是指英文字的本根，dog 是dogs和dog catcher 的字根。雖然三字的義意不同，也與其字的根源有所關聯。
字形（word form）和字詞（vocabulary）
dog 和 cat 有不同的字形（word form） 。另一方面，Dog 和 dog catcher 是有不同解釋的字词（vocabulary），他们所指的是不同的实体。
英文字的原形，稱为词条（lemma；原形），其引用形式（citation form），即是指可於字典上查詢的字词的根本原形（vocabulary）。
構詞學模式
語言類型分類
註釋
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
:(Abbreviations: CUP = Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
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- Bybee, J. L. (1985). Morphology: A Study of the Relation between Meaning and Form. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
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- Foley, William A. (1998). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060925075737/http://www.sultry.arts.usyd.edu.au/LFG98/austro/foley/frames/foley4.htm Symmetrical Voice Systems and Precategoriality in Philippine Languages]". Workshop: Voice and Grammatical Functions in Austronesian. University of Sydney.
- Haspelmath, Martin. (2002). Understanding morphology. London: Arnold (co-published by Oxford University Press). . .
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- Katamba, Francis. (1993). Morphology. Modern linguistics series. New York: St. Martin's Press. . .
- Korsakov, A. K. (Andreĭ Konstantinovich). (1969) The use of tenses in English. Korsakov, A. K. Structure of Modern English pt. 1. oai:gial.edu:26766 at http://www.language-archives.org/item/oai:gial.edu:26766
- Kishorjit, N., Vidya Raj RK., Nirmal Y., and Sivaji B. (2012) "[http://aclweb.org/anthology//W/W12/W12-5008.pdf Manipuri Morpheme Identification]", Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on South and Southeast Asian Natural Language Processing (SANLP), pp. 95–108, COLING 2012, Mumbai, December 2012
- Matthews, Peter. (1991). Morphology (2nd ed.). CUP. . .
- Mel'čuk, Igor A. (1993–2000). Cours de morphologie générale, vol. 1–5. Montreal: Presses de l'Université de Montréal.
- Mel'čuk, Igor A. (2006). Aspects of the theory of morphology. Berlin: Mouton.
- Scalise, Sergio. (1983). Generative Morphology, Dordrecht, Foris.
- Singh, Rajendra and Stanley Starosta (eds). (2003). Explorations in Seamless Morphology. SAGE Publications. .
- Spencer, Andrew. (1991). Morphological theory: an introduction to word structure in generative grammar. No. 2 in Blackwell textbooks in linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell. ;
- Spencer, Andrew and Zwicky, Arnold M. (Eds.) (1998). The handbook of morphology. Blackwell handbooks in linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell. .
- Stump, Gregory T. (2001). Inflectional morphology: a theory of paradigm structure. No. 93 in Cambridge studies in linguistics. CUP. (hb).
- van Valin, Robert D., and LaPolla, Randy. (1997). Syntax : Structure, Meaning And Function. CUP
参见
- 语素
- 语法形态配列
外部連結
- [http://www.cross-plus-a.com/segmenti.htm Segmenti − Segmenti] (Freeware)
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