同义词()或 近义词,或者更学术性的称呼 同义异形,是世界上各种语言都存在的一种现象。它指的是表达的意义“相同”或“相近”,但是表达形式不同的词汇。例如:「厕所」和“茅房”就是不同词汇表示同一种东西,但语境略有不同。
不仅词汇有同义现象,不同语法结构的句子也可以表示同一个意义。例如:
*这本书非常有趣。
*这是一本非常有趣的书。
同义词之间的差别主要有感情色彩、理性意义、语法特点、各地习惯的不同。理性意义的差别又分别体现为范围、性状、程度等方面的不同。
*感情色彩方面:“执着”与“固执”、“果断”与“武断”、“聪明”与“狡猾”
*程度差别:“丰满”与“肥胖”、“优秀”与“良好”、“少量”与“微量”
参考資料
参見
*异形词
*同音词
*反义词
*類語辭典
*同义词 (分类学)
外部連接
Tools which graph words relations :
- [http://graphwords.com/ Graph Words] - Online tool for visualization word relations
- [http://www.synonyms.net/ Synonyms.net] - Online reference resource that provides instant synonyms and antonyms definitions including visualizations, voice pronunciations and translations
- [http://dico.isc.cnrs.fr/en/index.html English/French Semantic Atlas] - Graph words relations in English, French and gives cross representations for translations - offers 500 searches per user per day.
Plain words synonyms finder :
- [http://www.synonym-finder.com/ Synonym Finder] - Synonym finder including hypernyms in search result
- [http://trovami.altervista.org/sinonimi/en Thesaurus] - Online synonyms in English, Italian, French and German
- [http://synonyms.woxikon.com/ Woxikon Synonyms] - Over 1 million synonyms - English, German, Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, Swedish and Dutch
- [http://www.powerthesaurus.org/ Power Thesaurus] - Thesaurus with synonyms ordered by rating
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20150309073501/http://www.findmewords.com/synonyms.html FindMeWords Synonyms] - Online Synonym Dictionary with definitions
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