民行（）是犹太教中公认的单个或一系列约定俗成的传统，和诫命的含义相对。民行相关概念“㐵作”（）则指的是祈祷的传统顺序和形式。
词源
三辅音词根（）的主要含义是“驾驭”，或可引申为“行事”。
“民行”一词在希伯来圣经中出现过两次，两次都出现在同一节经文（《列王纪下》9:20）中，并被翻译为“趕車”：从讲道的角度来说，人们可以说，犹太律法中“民行”一词的使用反映了其在圣经希伯来语中的起源，即“驾驭（战车）的方式”。而哈拉卡（律法）一词则源于“行走路径”，意为为旅途本身设定的道路；“民行”（习俗）源于“驾驭”一词，意为让人们更快地沿着这条道路前进而养成的习惯。
目前这种以“民行”表示“习俗”的用法可能受到阿拉伯语 minhaj 的影响；但在现有的伊斯兰教用法中，该词用于表示学者或思想流派的思想方法论（参见），而不是用于表示地方或民族社区的习俗。
参考文献
外部链接
- [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=939&letter=C Custom], jewishencyclopedia.com
- [http://opensiddur.org/?p=567 A Historical Map of Jewish Liturgical Influence and Variation]
- [http://www.aish.com/literacy/concepts/The_Rules_of_Halacha.asp The Rules of Halacha], Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20050901022858/http://www.yoatzot.org/article/91 Customs (Minhagim)], nishmat.net
书目
- Rabbinic literature
** [http://sites.google.com/site/sagesofashkenaz/Home/seforim-index/genre/halacha-and-minhag/ Sages of Ashkenaz Database] - Online collection of minhag seforim
* Minhagei Maharil, Rabbi Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin (Maharil*), 1556.
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924114018/http://www.teachittome.com/seforim2/seforim/sefer_minhagim.pdf Sefer HaMinhagim]*" (Hebrew Fulltext, PDF) Rabbi Isaac Tyrnau, 1566.
* "Ta'amei HaMinhagim*", Rabbi A. I. Sperling, 1896; translation: "Reasons for Jewish customs and traditions". Bloch Pub. Co 1968.
** "Likutei Maharich". Rabbi Yisroel Chaim Freedman of Rachov.
* "Sefer HaMinhagim*", Rabbis M. Greenglass and Y. Groner, 1966; translation: “The Book of Chabad-Lubavitch Customs”. Sichos In English Pub. 1998. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050712124508/http://www.sichosinenglish.org/books/sefer-haminhagim/index.html]
* "Otzar Ta'amei ha-Minhagim*", Rabbi Shmuel Gelbard, 1995; translation: "Rite and Reason" Feldheim Pub. 1997
- General
** "The Biblical and Historical Background of Jewish Customs and Ceremonies", Rabbi Abraham Bloch. Ktav 1980.
** "The Minhagim: The Customs and Ceremonies of Judaism, Their Origins and Rationale", Rabbi Abraham Chill. Sepher Hermon 1978.
** "To Be a Jew: A Guide to Jewish Observance in Contemporary Life", Rabbi Hayim Donin. Basic Books 1991.
** "Jewish Book of Why", Rabbi Alfred J. Kolatch. Jonathan David 1995.
** "Minhagei Yisrael: Origins and History", Rabbi Daniel Sperber. Mossad Harav Kook, 1998.
** "The Complete Book of Jewish Observance", Rabbi Leo Trepp. Behrman House Publishing 1980.
** "Jewish Spiritual Practices", Yitzhak Buxbaum. Jason Aronson Inc. 1994. (hardcover) (paperback)
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