防撞緩衝區

防撞緩衝區，又名潰縮區，是設置於汽車車頭的安全性結構，於撞車時可以吸收部分的衝力，達到保護駕駛者與乘客的效果。此概念最初由匈牙利裔工程師於1937年發明並獲得專利，之後他為梅賽德斯-奔馳工作，並於1952年完善其設計。1953年出廠的是首部搭配防撞緩衝區技術的汽車。

參考
外部連結
*[https://www.autoblog.com/2009/09/26/pics-aplenty-iihs-reveals-before-and-after-of-malibu-bel-air-cr/ Before and after crash between 1959 Bel Air and 2009 Malibu]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070318184250/http://members.aol.com/cerick5563/physics/crumple.html Crumple Zones in Automobiles]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061231122231/http://www.visionengineer.com/mech/crumple_zones.shtml Crumple Zones (How Do Crumple Zones Work)]
*[https://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/safety-regulatory-devices/human-crash-test-dummy.htm Have crash tests ever used live (or dead) human occupants? - Howstuffworks.com]
*[https://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/accidents-hazardous-conditions/crash-test.htm How Crash Testing Works - Howstuffworks.com]
*[https://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/safety-regulatory-devices/why-crash-test.htm Why is it still necessary to crash test vehicles? - Howstuffworks.com]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/car_crash/48062.stm BBC News - How the dead have helped the living]
*[https://auto.howstuffworks.com/auto-parts/towing/towing-capacity/information/fpte.htm How Force, Power, Torque and Energy Work - Howstuffworks.com]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOyILzo-yDY Béla Barényi – a history of safety - Mercedes-Benz original]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170102082759/http://autoexpert.com.au/buying-a-car/why-didnt-my-airbags-deploy-in-a-crash The fundamental dynamics of violence in car crashes. The physics. The engineering. John Cadogan of autoexpert.com.au]
*[https://www.engineeringclicks.com/crash-engineering-safety-design/ Crash Engineering and Safety Design - engineeringclicks.com]
*[https://www.dpma.de/ponline/erfindergalerie/patente/de854157.pdf Patent No. 854157] Original 'crumple zone' patent documents (in German)