会发出咔哒声来警告同类]]
动物在交流时经常会对彼此发出警報信號，用来信号警示周围的同类附近存在的威胁。这是一种反捕食者适应，广泛存在于社会性动物中。许多灵长类和鸟类有复杂的警告声音。鱼和昆虫则会采用声音以外的方式，比如释放。
外部链接
*[http://physorg.com/news4716.html Chickadees' alarm-call carry information about size, threat of predator]
*[http://cmiae.org/national-park-feature-article/the-trek-of-the-pika/ The Trek of the Pika] "A story complete with sounds of pika and marmot calls" 2002-10-30
*[https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00346360 Characteristics of arctic ground squirrel alarm calls] Oecologia Volume 7, Number 2 / June, 1971
*[http://www.eeb.ucla.edu/Faculty/Blumstein/pdf%20reprints/Blumstein&Armitage1998_AB.pdf Why do Yellow-bellied Marmots Call?] Daniel T. Blumstein & Kenneth B. Armitage
Department of Systematics and Ecology, University of Kansas
*[https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00293209 Alarm calls of Belding's ground squirrels to aerial predators: nepotism or self-preservation?]
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