銠(原子量:102.90549(2))共有58個同位素,其中有1個同位素是穩定的。天然存在的銠元素中,只由一種同位素構成,即唯一穩定的銠同位素——。除了穩定的銠-103之外,最穩定的同位素為,半衰期約為3年又3個多月。
銠的同位素中,在之前,主要的衰變模式為正电子发射,而在之後則主要為β衰變。
銠-100
銠-100是銠的一種放射性同位素,是目前已知銠的同位素中擁有最多種核異構體(或核同質異能素)的同位素,也是銠的放射性同位素中,第五穩定的同位素,半衰期為20.8小時,會經由發射一顆正電子( )衰變為。
銠-100有除了激發能量為0的之外還有三種不同的核同質異能素:、、,但是最穩定的仍是基態的。激發能量為107.6 keV,質量欠缺略高於,為-85.4792 MeV,可由釕或钯衰變而得,也可以經由重元素裂變而產生,因此銠-103是一種裂變產物。有一種核同質異能素,,激發能量為39.756 keV,但其比不穩定很多,半衰期只有56分鐘,會經由IT衰變回穩定的。
圖表
|-
| 89Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 44
| 88.94884(48)#
| 10# ms
[>1.5 µs]
|
| 89Ru
| 7/2+#
|
|-
| 90Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| 89.94287(54)#
| 15(7) ms
[12(+9-4) ms]
|
| 90Ru
| 0+#
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 90mRh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(500)# keV
| 1.1(3) s
[1.0(+3-2) s]
|
|
| 9+#
|
|-
| 91Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 46
| 90.93655(43)#
| 1.74(14) s
|
| 91Ru
| 7/2+#
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 91mRh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" |
| 1.46(11) s
|
|
| (1/2-)
|
|-
| 92Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 47
| 91.93198(43)#
| 4.3(13) s
|
| 92Ru
| (6+)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 92mRh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" |
| 4.66(25) s
[2.9(+15-8) s]
|
|
| (>=6+)
|
|-
| 93Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 48
| 92.92574(43)#
| 11.9(7) s
|
| 93Ru
| 9/2+#
|
|-
| rowspan=2|94Rh
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 49
| rowspan=2|93.92170(48)#
| rowspan=2|70.6(6) s
| (98.2%)
| 94Ru
| rowspan=2|(2+,4+)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , (1.79%)
| 93Tc
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 94mRh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 300(200)# keV
| 25.8(2) s
|
| 94Ru
| (8+)
|
|-
| 95Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 50
| 94.91590(16)
| 5.02(10) min
|
| 95Ru
| (9/2)+
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 95mRh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 543.3(3) keV
| rowspan=2|1.96(4) min
| IT (88%)
| 95Rh
| rowspan=2|(1/2)-
| rowspan=2|
|-
| (12%)
| 95Ru
|-
| 96Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 51
| 95.914461(14)
| 9.90(10) min
|
| 96Ru
| (6+)
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 96mRh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 52.0(1) keV
| rowspan=2|1.51(2) min
| IT (60%)
| 96Rh
| rowspan=2|(3+)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| (40%)
| 96Ru
|-
| 97Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| 96.91134(4)
| 30.7(6) min
|
| 97Ru
| 9/2+
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 97mRh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 258.85(17) keV
| rowspan=2|46.2(16) min
| (94.4%)
| 97Ru
| rowspan=2|1/2-
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (5.6%)
| 97Rh
|-
| 98Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 53
| 97.910708(13)
| 8.72(12) min
|
| 98Ru
| (2)+
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 98mRh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 60(50)# keV
| rowspan=2|3.6(2) min
| IT
| 98Rh
| rowspan=2|(5+)
| rowspan=2|
|-
|
| 98Ru
|-
| 99Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 54
| 98.908132(8)
| 16.1(2) d
|
| 99Ru
| 1/2-
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 99mRh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 64.3(4) keV
| rowspan=2|4.7(1) h
| (99.83%)
| 99Ru
| rowspan=2|9/2+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (.16%)
| 99Rh
|-
| 100Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 55
| 99.908122(20)
| 20.8(1) h
|
| 100Ru
| 1-
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 100m1Rh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 107.6(2) keV
| rowspan=2|4.6(2) min
| IT (98.3%)
| 100Rh
| rowspan=2|(5+)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| (1.7%)
| 100Ru
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 100m2Rh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 74.78(2) keV
| 214.0(20) ns
|
|
| (2)+
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 100m3Rh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 112.0+X keV
| 130(10) ns
|
|
| (7+)
|
|-
| 101Rh
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 56
| 100.906164(18)
| 3.3(3) y
|
| 101Ru
| 1/2-
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 101mRh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 157.32(4) keV
| rowspan=2|4.34(1) d
| (93.6%)
| 101Ru
| rowspan=2|9/2+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (6.4%)
| Rh
|-
| rowspan=2|102Rh
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 57
| rowspan=2|101.906843(5)
| rowspan=2|207.0(15) d
| (80%)
| 102Ru
| rowspan=2|(1-,2-)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| (20%)
| 102Pd
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 102mRh
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 140.75(8) keV
| rowspan=2|3.742(10) y
| (99.77%)
| 102Ru
| rowspan=2|6+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (.23%)
| 102Rh
|-
|
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| style="text-align:right" | 58
| 102.905504(3)
| colspan=3 align=center|**'
| 1/2-
| 1.0000
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 103mRh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 39.756(6) keV
| 56.114(9) min
| IT
| 103Rh
| 7/2+
|
|-
| rowspan=2|104Rh
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 45
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 59
| rowspan=2|103.906656(3)
| rowspan=2|42.3(4) s
| (99.55%)
| 104Pd
| rowspan=2|1+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| (.449%)
| 104Ru
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 104mRh
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 128.967(4) keV
| 4.34(3) min
|
|
| 5+
|
|-
| 105Rh
| 123Pd
| rowspan=2| 7/2+#
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,
| , 2
| 125Pd
| rowspan=2| 7/2+#
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,
| 126Pd
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,
| 125Pd
|}
参考文獻
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
#* Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. [http://amdc.in2p3.fr/web/nubase_en.html The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties] , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
#* National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the [http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/ NuDat 2.1 database] (retrieved Sept. 2005).
# David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition*, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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