，1908–1909，埃尔米塔日博物馆]]
原始主義是一種崇尚“原始”體驗的西方美學思潮。它提倡在現代藝術中引入原始（非西方的、史前的）事物，如高更繪製的大量塔希提主題作品。它本質上是一種烏托邦思想，認為天然的才是最好的。雖然在藝術上產生了不少碩果，原始主義也因固化外國“野蠻人”的形象、美化殖民統治而遭受批評。一些素人藝術和民間藝術作品，如亨利·卢梭、哈伊尔·拉里奥诺夫和保罗·克利等人的作品也被劃入原始主義的範疇。
參考文獻
Antliff, Mark and Patricia Leighten, "Primitive" in Critical Terms for Art History*, R. Nelson and R. Shiff (Eds.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996 (rev. ed. 2003).
Blunt, Anthony & Pool, Phoebe. Picasso, the Formative Years: A Study of His Sources*. Graphic Society, 1962.
Connelly, S. Frances. The Sleep of Reason: Primitivism in Modern European Art and Aesthetics, 1725-1907*. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999.
*
Cooper, Douglas The Cubist Epoch*, Phaidon in association with the Los Angeles County Museum of Art & the Metropolitan Museum of Art, London, 1970,
Diamond, Stanley. In Search of the Primitive: A Critique of Civilization*. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 1974.
- Etherington, Ben. Literary Primitivism. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2018.
Flam, Jack and Miriam Deutch, eds. Primitivism and Twentieth Century Art Documentary History*. University of California Press, 2003.
Goldwater, Robert. Primitivisim in Modern Art*. Belnap Press. 2002.
*Lovejoy, A. O. and George Boas. Primitivism and Related Ideas in Antiquity. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1935 (With supplementary essays by W. F. Albright and P. E. Dumont, Baltimore and London, Johns Hopkins U. Press. 1997).
Redfield, Robert. "Art and Icon" in Anthropology and Art*, C. Otten (Ed.). New York: Natural History Press, 1971.
Rhodes, Colin. Primitivism and Modern Art.* London: Thames and Hudson, 1994.
Solomon-Godeau, Abigail. "Going Native: Paul Gauguin and the Invention of Primitivist Modernism" in The Expanded Discourse: Feminism and Art History*, N. Broude and M. Garrard (Eds.). New York: Harper Collins, 1986.
外部連接
John Zerzan, Telos 124, Why Primitivism?*. New York: Telos Press Ltd., Summer 2002. ([http://www.telospress.com Telos Press]).
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140104063225/http://primitivism.com/ Articles on Primitivism]
*[http://www.reviewfashion.com/Primitivism.htm "Primitivism meaning and methods"]
*[https://www.upf.edu/en/web/ciap/inici Research Group in Primitive Art and Primitivism (CIAP-UPF)]
- Ben Etherington, [https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/the-new-primitives/ "The New Primitives"] , Los Angeles Review of Books, May 24, 2018.
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