沟槽现象

溝渠效應（Trench Effect）或稱溝槽現象是指多種因素共同作用，導致火勢沿著傾斜表面迅速蔓延。它基於兩個已被廣泛理解但各自獨立的理論：流體動力學中的康達效應和火災動力學中的閃燃。
背景
溝渠效應的發現源自1987年英國國王十字車站之手扶梯燃燒現象而來（国王十字站大火），火災發生原因為燃燒之火柴掉入木造手扶梯的溝槽中，火勢延著手扶梯的斜角燃燒漫延，火勢漫延之方向和煙熱之方向一致，造成可燃物預加熱，火勢漫延極快，當閃燃發生時，會朝著上方形成噴射式大火，引發嚴重人命之傷亡。
延伸閱讀
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• K. Moodie, The King's Cross Fire: Damage Assessment and Overview of the Technical Investigation Fire Safety Journal, vol 18 (1992) 13-33
• S. Simcox, N.S. Wilkes & I.P. Jones, Computer Simulation of the Flows of Hot Gases from the Fire at King's Cross Underground Station Fire Safety Journal, vol 18 (1992) 49-73
• K. Moodie & S.F. Jagger, Results and analysis from the scale model tests Paper presented at I Mech E seminar, The King's Cross Underground Fire: fire dynamics and the organisation of safety 1 June 1989;
• A.F. Roberts, The King's Cross Fire: a correlation of the eyewitness accounts and results of the scientific investigation Paper presented at I Mech E seminar,The King's Cross Underground Fire: fire dynamics and the organisation of safety 1 June 1989;
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20170517011657/https://www.maths.manchester.ac.uk/~jwd/articles/10-TEaEW.pdf The trench effect and eruptive wildfires: lessons from the King’s Cross Underground disaster.] by Jason J. Sharples, A. Malcolm Gill, & John W. Dold. Archived from [http://www.maths.manchester.ac.uk/~jwd/articles/10-TEaEW.pdf the original] on 17 May 2017.
• [http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/DoT_KX1987.pdf Scan] available online at railwaysarchive.co.uk. Retrieved 27 October 2012.