有教無類法案

有教无类法案（No Child Left Behind Act of 2001，Public Law 107-110），又譯為不讓任何孩子落後法案，简称为NCLB，是2002年1月8日由美國總統喬治·沃克·布希签署的一项美国联邦法律，该法案的措施的效力和愿望仍在引起热烈的辩论。

教师-{zh-tw:品質;zh-cn:质量;}-
不让任何孩子落后法案要求到2005-2006学年末，所有教师达到法案所定义的“非常合格”——完成州证明和执照。新教师必须满足以下条件：

*至少拥有学士学位
*小学教师必须通过全州考试，证明其阅读／语言艺术、写作、数学等小学课程基础领域的学科知识和教学技能。
*中学教师必须通过全州任教学科考试

其他教师必须拥有学士学位，并通过全州的学科知识和教学技能考试。这些要求引起了许多辩论，特别是对于特殊教育教师和小型乡村学校的教师难以执行，他们常常要同时教许多年级和科目。更多信息参见[http://www.ed.gov/programs/teacherqual/guidance.doc 美国教育部网站：教师-{zh-tw:品質;zh-cn:质量;}-指南]

学生考试
全国所有3－8年级学生每年必须接受各州政府的阅读和数学统考。到2007-2008学年末，3–5、6–9、10－11年级将各进行一次理科统考。

公立学校择校
也称School of Choice，各学校必须在一学年内取得规定的进步，否则学生可以要求转学。国会后来大幅度增长投资，为学区提供资金。

联邦政府教育立法
标准测验的问题
资源分配不公
州教育预算
年度进步评估
NCLB在每年会对学校通过标准化测试的方法进行评估，这称为Adequately Yearly Progress（AYP），无法通过这项评估的学校会收到各种强制补救措施，比方增加财政投入、加强教师培训、学校托管甚至是关闭学校。

名称由来
该法案名称的最可能的来源是the liberal advocacy group (CDF)的格言，“不让任何孩子落后。”（"Leave No Child Behind."）这个CDF的座右铭本身最可能来源于美國陸軍遊騎兵的座右铭：“不让任何一个人被落下。”（"Leave No Man Behind."）

参考文献
外部链接

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070420160944/http://www.nea.org/esea/index.html 美国国家教育协会 “不让任何孩子落后”/初等和中等教育法（英文）] (国家教育协会的立场)
• [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/25/AR2007032500910.html 泰德·肯尼迪参议员支持修订《不让任何孩子落后法案》（英文）, 2007年3月]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329045523/http://www.nea.org/esea/nclbstories/index.html NCLB之声] (受此法影响的教育者的众多评论和意见)（英文）
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20190608201011/http://nochildleft.com/ "No Child Left" is a site and journal opposed to NCLB and highly critical of its approach to schools.]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070421064406/http://www.psk12.com/rating/index.php School Ranking Data based on NCLB] (subscription required)
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070502011238/http://www.ed.gov/admins/lead/account/nclbreference/reference.pdf NCLB Desktop Reference] (147 pages)
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050924232155/http://ed.gov/admins/lead/account/nclbreference/index.html NCLB Desktop Reference] (online version, includes Microsoft documents and PDF links)
• [http://www.ed.gov/policy/elsec/leg/esea02/index.html Text of No Child Left Behind Act]
• [http://www.ericdigests.org/2004-2/behind.html No Child Left Behind: Testing, Reporting, and Accountability]
• [http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020108-1.html Remarks by President Bush at signing ceremony]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20061228012340/http://edworkforce.house.gov/issues/108th/education/nclb/funding.htm Facts About NCLB Funding]
• [http://www.ericdigests.org/2004-1/2001.htm Implications of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 for Teacher Education]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070615113203/http://digital.library.unt.edu/govdocs/crs/search.tkl?q=no+child&search_crit=title&search=Search&date1=Anytime&date2=Anytime&type=form Read Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding the No Child Left Behind Act]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20090428230215/http://www.nifl.gov/ National Institute for Literacy]
• [http://usliberals.about.com/od/education/i/NCLBProsCons.htm Pros & Cons of the No Child Left Behind Act, at About.com]
• [http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110004698 Analysis of NCLB]
• [http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110005365 Comments by Secretary of Education]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070703013334/http://www.nabe.org/documents/policy_legislation/NABE_on_NCLB.pdf No Child Left Behind: Misguided Accountability System for English Language Learners]
• [http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i=20041108&s=perlstein&c=1 Linda Perlstein, The Nation 21 October 2004，"The Issue Left Behind"]
• "[https://web.archive.org/web/20050302050920/http://story.news.yahoo.com/news%3ftmpl=story2%26u=/usatoday/20050107/ts_usatoday/whitehousepaidcommentatortopromotelaw White House paid commentator to promote law]", 7 January 2005，Greg Toppo, USA Today
• [http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2005/01/20050112-5.html President Discusses No Child Left Behind and High School Initiatives] ，Speech text and video, 12 January 2005
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070412160834/http://www2.edtrust.org/NR/rdonlyres/37B8652D-84F4-4FA1-AA8D-319EAD5A6D89/0/ABCAYP.PDF "The ABCs of AYP"] Explanation of the NCLB accountability system from The Education Trust
• [http://campaigns.wikia.com/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind No Child Left Behind] at Wikia
• Mississippi Teacher Corps Focus Paper on [https://web.archive.org/web/20060914201307/http://www.olemiss.edu/programs/mtc/Participants/TheMTCExperience/focus/focus_06.htm No Child Left Behind]
• [http://www.militaryfreezone.com Military Free Zone] Reveals some of the darker sides of the NCLB Act
• [http://www.edreform.com Center for Education Reform website] Promoting charter schools and other reforms
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20161009151122/http://www.educationalunderwriters.org/ Educational Underwriters Incorporated] Non-profit organization which certifies the research backing educational products as NCLB compliant.
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20200512074158/https://fairtest.org/ National Center for Fair & Open Testing (FairTest)]