的祭文 Gaudeamus omnes,以四线谱记谱法记录。]]
葛利果聖歌{{NoteTag|又译为-{zh-hant:額我略聖詠、額我略平詠、格里高利聖詠、格雷戈里聖歌、貴格利聖歌; zh-hans:额我略圣咏、额我略平咏、葛利果圣歌、格雷戈里圣歌、贵格利圣歌;}-等}}()是一种单声部、无伴奏的天主教會宗教音乐,是西方基督教单声圣歌的主要传统。葛利果聖歌主要是在第八世纪和第九世纪(法兰克人到达西欧和中欧)期间发展起来,并在之后有所继续增改和编写。通常人们认为是额我略一世发明了葛利果聖歌(格里高利即额我略一世),但学者们认为是在后来的加洛林王朝时期,综合了罗马圣咏和高卢圣咏而形成。
葛利果圣咏共有8种调式。传统上,葛利果圣咏由男人或男孩组成的唱诗班在教堂中演唱。
历史
早期单声圣歌的发展
在天主教会最初的时期,无伴奏的歌唱就已经是天主教礼仪的一部分。直到1990年代中期,古犹太圣咏对早期基督教仪式和圣诗的影响得到广泛公认。但这一观点已不被学者接受,因为分析显示大部分早期基督教圣诗没有歌本,而这些圣诗在公元70年第二圣殿被毁后,已经有数百年未在犹太会堂中演唱了。不过,早期基督宗教仪式却是融合了犹太仪式的元素,保留在后来的圣咏传统中。祈祷时刻来源于犹太的祷告时间,“阿们”和“阿肋路亞”都来自于希伯来语。
《新约圣经》中提到,在最后的晚餐中唱了圣诗:“ 他們唱了聖詠,就出來往橄欖山去。”。
注释
参考文献
引用
来源
- Graduale triplex (1979). Tournai: Desclée& Socii. ISBN 978-2-85274-094-5
- Liber usualis (1953). Tournai: Desclée& Socii.
*
*
- Hiley, David (1990). Chant. In Performance Practice: Music before 1600, Howard Mayer Brown and Stanley Sadie, eds., pp. 37-54. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 978-0-393-02807-2
*
*
*
*
- Mahrt, William P. (2000). Chant. In A Performer's Guide to Medieval Music, Ross Duffin, ed., pp. 1-22. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-33752-8
*
*
*
*
- Wagner, Peter. (1911) Einführung in die Gregorianischen Melodien. Ein Handbuch der Choralwissenschaft. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel.
*
外部链接
- Geoffrey Chew and Richard Rastall: "Notation", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed 27 June 2006), [http://www.grovemusic.com (subscription access)]
- sites of abbeys and schola according to the method of Dom Gajard. Gregedit Gregorian Software[http://gregorian.soft.free.fr/sites.html]
- H. Bewerung: "Gregorian chant", Catholic Encyclopedia, [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06779a.htm]
- Joseph Dyer: "Roman Catholic Church Music", Section VI.1, Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 28 June 2006), [http://www.grovemusic.com (subscription access)]
- David Hiley and Janka Szendrei: "Notation", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed 12 June 2006), [http://www.grovemusic.com (subscription access)]
- Kenneth Levy: "Plainchant", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed 20 January 2006), [http://www.grovemusic.com (subscription access)]
- William P. Mahrt: "Gregorian Chant as a Paradigm of Sacred Music," Sacred Music, 133.3, pp. 5-14 [http://www.musicasacra.com/publications/sacredmusic/133/1/1_1.html online at MusicaSacra.com]
- James W. McKinnon: "Christian Church, music of the early", Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 11 July 2006), [http://www.grovemusic.com (subscription access)]
- Canticum Novum, Lessons on Gregorian Chant: Notation, characteristics, rhythm, modes, the psalmody and scores at https://web.archive.org/web/20060616141014/http://interletras.com/canticum/Eng/index1_Eng.html
- Justine Ward, "The Reform of Church Music," Atlantic Monthly, April 1906 [http://www.musicasacra.com/publications/sacredmusic/pdf/ward.pdf online at Musicasacra.com]
- Liber usualis online - MIDI Collection of Traditional Catholic Hymns and chants http://romaaeterna.jp//
*
参见
- 額我略一世
- 圣咏、圣诗
- 基督教音乐
- 纽姆记谱法
评论 (0)