分形宇宙学（），亦作殘形宇宙論，是物理宇宙学中的一个小眾理论，是一種非主流學說。这一理论认为，宇宙中的物质分布和宇宙结构本身在各个尺度上具有分形结构，分形维数是这一理论的核心问题，即物質的分布及宇宙本身的分形維數是什麼。简而言之，就是利用碎形學這門理論來研究宇宙和物質。
歷史
1987年，盧西亞諾·皮特羅內羅 (Luciano Pietronero) 及其團隊首次嘗試用分形模式模擬星系分佈。隨後十年，隨著編目的星系數量不斷增加，對宇宙大尺度結構的更詳細觀察也逐漸浮現。皮特羅內羅認為，宇宙在相當寬的尺度範圍內表現出明確的分形特徵，分形維數約為2。均勻三維物體的分形維數為3，均勻表面的分形維數為2，而分形表面的分形維數介於2和3之間。
宇宙在非常大的尺度上是均勻分佈的，這與標準大爆炸或弗里德曼-勒梅特-羅伯遜-沃克宇宙學以及大多數Lambda-冷暗物質模型的解釋一致。科學界的共識解釋是，斯隆數位巡天(SDSS) 表明，在100兆秒差距以上，宇宙確實變得平滑。
參见
*奧伯斯佯謬
*因果動力三角
*混沌理論的通貨膨脹
*大數假說
*不變集假設
*哈氏天體
*全息原理
*大尺度結構
*星雲假說
*尺度不變性
*規模相對
*自組織臨界
*宇宙的形狀
參考資料
延伸閱讀
*Rassem, M. and Ahmed E., "On Fractal Cosmology", Astro. Phys. Lett. Commun. (1996), 35, 311.
外部連結
*[http://www.cosmology.info/2005conference/index.html 1st Crisis in Cosmology conference] included several talks on Fractals in Cosmology
*[http://www.cosmology.info/2008conference/index.html 2nd Crisis in Cosmology conference] more presentations on fractals in the cosmos
*[http://www.fractaluniverse.org/ Colin Hill's Fractal Universe site]
*[http://www.fractalcosmology.com/ Yun Pyo Jung's Fractal Cosmology site]
*[http://www.amherst.edu/~rloldershaw/menu.html Robert Oldershaw's Fractal Cosmology page]
*[http://www.gpofr.com/ Robert DeMelo's Fractal Cosmology page]
*[http://www.fractalcosmos.com Harry Schmitz's Fractal Cosmos page]
*[http://www.nrao.edu/pr/2007/coldspot/ NRAO Press release on giant void]
*[http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0406202v1 Statistical physics for complex cosmic structures] by L. Pietronero and F. Sylos Labini
*[http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0505185 Fractal Approach to Large-Scale Galaxy Distribution] by Y. Baryshev and P. Teerikorpi
*[http://arxiv.org/abs/0805.1132 The large scale inhomogeneity of the galaxy distribution] May '08 paper by Labini, Vasilyev, Pietronero, and Baryshev
*[http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Infinite_Hierarchical_Nesting_of_Matter Fractals as nesting of matter (translation of Russian Wikipedia page)]
*[http://www.luth.obspm.fr/~luthier/nottale/LIWOS7-1cor.pdf "Scale-Relativity and Cosmology"] from Fractal Space-time and Microphysics by Laurent Nottale
*[http://arxiv.org/find/math-ph,math/1/au:+Foukzon_J/0/1/0/all/0/1 Hausdorff-Colombeau measure and axiomatic quantum field theory in spacetime with negative B.Mandelbrot dimensions] J.Foukzon, A.A.Potapov, S.A.Podosenov
*[http://www.scribd.com/doc/58496226/Detecting-Fractal-Dimensions-via-Primordial-Gravitational-Wave-Astronomy-Fractal-CosmologyDetecting Detecting Fractal Dimensions Via Primordial Gravitational Wave Astronomy] J.Foukzon, A.A.Potapov, S.A.Podosenov
*[http://users.telenet.be/nicvroom/VB%20FGalaxy.htm Fractal Galaxies and VB program] by N. Vroom
*[http://theomparticle.com/Assets/883210.pdf The Mandelbrot set and the fractal nature of light, the Universe, and Everything] by Lori Gardi
*(http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.6812 )
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