分散决策（或称非集中决策）是当决策单位分散在大型机构各个位置，也指高层给低层官员、执行官和工人授权进行决策。可以是任何规模的机构，可以是政府机构或者公司，但一般用于大型机构。这是一种分散权利的有效手段，对管理学、组织行为学和政府工作有深刻影响。
首先，分散决策来源于组织智慧和群体智慧。分散决策也受益于核心知识，一般是按照卡尔·荣格的集体无意识理论。
麻省理工大学教授Thomas W. Malone认为分散决策主要有三个好处：
(1) 激励创造和开发;
(2) 让很多头脑同时工作，解决同一个问题
(3) 允许灵活性和个人主义
Malone说分散决策一般可以创造更灵活的意见，减少企业中的谄媚奉承，当高层授权决策责任后，领导者也具备一定的控制权，这样信息的流动更通畅。因此低层向高层汇报更多的情况，允许创新，更有效率的工作，促进生产力。允许创新可以提升整体质量管理。
参见
*早期执行者
*意见领袖
*社交网络
*集体智慧
*合作智慧
*群体智慧
*预测市场
*信息瀑布
*群居本能
*集体审议
*小组智慧
*群体心理学
*德尔菲法
*全民政治
参考和更多阅读
Drucker, Peter F., Post-Capitalist Society*. (1993) HarperBusiness, New York.
Gerstner Jr., Louis V., Who Says Elephants Can't Dance? Inside IBM's Historic Turnaround*. (2002) HarperBusiness, New York.
Gladwell, Malcolm, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference*. (2002) Little, Brown & Co., Boston.
Kahneman, Daniel, & Tversky, Amos, Choices, Values, and Frames* (2000) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Malone, Thomas W.,"Is 'Empowerment' Just a Fad? Control, Decision-Making, and Information Technology," Sloan Management Review* 23: 38, no. 2 (1997).
Malone, Thomas W., The Future of Work: How the New Order of Business Will Shape Your Organization, Your Management Style, and Your Life*. (2004) Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Trotter, Wilfred, Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War*. (1915) Macmillan, New York.
Surowiecki, James, The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few and How Collective Wisdom Shapes Business, Economies, Societies and Nations*. (2004) Little, Brown, Boston.
Sunstein, Cass, Infotopia: How Many Minds Produce Knowledge*. (2006) Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
外部链接
*https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3806781
*http://www.randomhouse.com/features/wisdomofcrowds/excerpt.html
*https://web.archive.org/web/20070920020436/http://weblamp.princeton.edu/~psych/psychology/research/kahneman/
*http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/2005/RAND_OP153.pdf
*http://www.infography.com/content/237200278899.html
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