贝特霍尔德·劳费尔

贝特霍尔德·劳费尔（，），生於德国科隆，移民美国，东方学家與汉学家。通晓汉语、日语、藏语。1901年-1904年，1908年- 1910年，1923年多次在中国进行长期考察，对中国的玉器，瓷器，象牙雕刻，牌搂等都有研究。自述“我深爱中国的国土和人民”。

生平
出生於德國猶太人家庭。1893年在柏林大学从 Wilhelm Grube攻读汉学。1897年获得德国莱比锡大学博士学位。1898年移民美国。

劳费尔晚年患有忧郁症，1934年9月13日，在芝加哥跳楼自杀身亡。

著作
英文

• 1899 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-1626034 Ethnological work on the island of Sakhalin]
• 1899 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-658647 Petroglyphs on the Amoor]
• 1900 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-659244 Preliminary notes on explorations among the Amoor tribes]
• 1902 [http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/5741 The decorative art of the Amur tribes, Volume 7, Part 1]
• 1905 [https://archive.org/stream/memoirsa01ameruoft#page/210/mode/2up Historical jottings on amber in Asia]
• 1906 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_bird_chariot_in_china_and_europe.pdf The Bird-Chariot in China and Europe]
• 1907 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-1631987 A Plea for the Study of the History of Medicine and Natural Sciences]
• 1907 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-659533 A theory of the origin of Chinese writing]
• 1907 [https://archive.org/stream/congrsinternati29unkngoog#page/n331/mode/2up Note on the introduction of the groundnut into China]
• 1907 [https://archive.org/stream/congrsinternati29unkngoog#page/n295/mode/2up The introduction of maize into eastern Asia]
• 1907 [https://archive.org/details/ahd7618.0000.001.umich.edu The relations of the Chinese to the Philippine Islands]
• 1907 [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1907.9.3.02a00210/epdf W. W. Newell and the lyrics of Li-T'ai-Po]
• 1908 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ocj/vol1908/iss10/5/ Origin of Our Dances of Death]
• 1908 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-27900136 The Jonah legend in India]
• 1909 [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89057248973&view=2up&seq=8 Chinese Pottery of the Han Dynasty]
• 1911 Chinese grave-sculptures of the Han period
• 1911 [https://archive.org/details/fieldiana10chicuoft Jade: a study in Chinese archaeology and religion]
• 1911 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2563&context=ocj King Tsing, the Author of the Nestorian Inscription]
• 1912 [http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/reada/pottery.pdf Chinese pottery in the Philippines]
• 1911 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2572&context=ocj The Introduction of Vaccination Into the Far East]
• 1912 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2706&context=ocj Fish Symbols in China (Illustrated)]
• 1912 [https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/10211 Foreword to "Catalogue of a selection of art objects from the Freer collection exhibited in the new building of the National museum, April 15 to June 15, 1912"]
• 1912 [https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/29746/Z116_05_0157.pdf?sequence=1 The Chinese Madonna in the Field Museum]
• 1912 The name China
• 1912 Five newly discovered bas-reliefs of the Han period
• 1912 Confucius and his portraits
• 1912 The Wang ch'uan t'u, a landscape of Wang Wei
• 1913 Arabic and Chinese trade in walrus and narwhal ivory
• 1913 The development of ancestral images in China
• 1913 [https://archive.org/details/descriptiveaccou00newbuoft Descriptive account of the collection of Chinese, Tibetan, Mongol, and Japanese books in the Newberry Library]
• 1913 [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1913.15.4.02a00020/epdf Remarks on "Some aspects of North American Archaeology" by Roland B. Dixon (pp.573-574 of American Anthropologist vol.15 Issue 4 ]
• 1913 [https://archive.org/details/notesonturquoisi131lauf Notes on Turquois In The East]
• 1913 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_application_of_tibetan_sexagenary_cycle.pdf The Application of the Tibetan Sexagenary Cycle]
• 1913 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2758&context=ocj The Chinese Battle of the Fishes (With Illustration)]
• 1913 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2727&context=ocj The Praying Mantis in Chinese Folklore (Illustrated)]
• 1914 Three Tokharian bagatelles
• 1914 Was Odoric of Pordenone ever in Tibet
• 1914 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k54257578/f6.image Bird divination among the Tibetans (notes on document Pelliot no 3530, with a study of Tibetan phonology of the ninth century)]
• 1914 [https://archive.org/details/chineseclayfigur132lauf Chinese clay figures]
• 1914 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-29738037 Some Fundamental Ideas of Chinese Culture]
• 1915 火浣布与火鼠考 通报
• 1915 [https://archive.org/details/fieldiana15chicuoft The diamond: a study in Chinese and Hellenistic folk-lore]
• 1915 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-660364 The Eskimo Screw as a Culture-Historical Problem]
• 1915 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-534505 The Story of the Pinna and the Syrian Lamb]
• 1915 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-25603480 Two Chinese Imperial Jades]
• 1916 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5426272j/f16.image The Si-hia language: A Study in Indo-Chinese Philology]
• 1916 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-592697 Burkhan]
• 1916 [https://archive.org/stream/holmesanniversar00hodg#page/n459/mode/2up Cardan's Suspension in China]
• 1916 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5426272j/f422.image Loan-words in Tibetan] 《藏语中的借词》，赵衍荪译，中国社会科学院 1981年。
• 1916 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/207299?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents The Nichols Mo-So Manuscript]
• 1917 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_concerning_the_history_of_fingerprints.pdf Concerning the History of Finger-Prints]
• 1917 [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1917.19.2.02a00130/epdf Moccasins]
• 1917 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-660223 Origin of the Word Shaman]
• 1917 [https://archive.org/stream/artarchaeologyil06archuoft#page/294/mode/2up Religious and artistic thought in ancient China]
• 1917 [https://archive.org/details/fieldiana15chicuoft The Beginnings of Porcelain in China, 1917]
• 1917 [https://archive.org/details/languageofyech00laufrich The language of the Yüe-chi or Indo-Scythians]
• 1917 [https://archive.org/details/reindeeritsdomes00laufrich The reindeer and its domestication]
• 1917 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-592921 The Vigesimal and Decimal Systems in the Ainu Numerals: With Some Remarks on Ainu Phonology]
• 1917 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-534494 Totemic Traces among the Indo-Chinese]
• 1918 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-592582 Origin of Tibetan Writing]
• 1918 [https://archive.org/details/jstor-4112023 The Chinese Exhibition]
• 1919 [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1919.21.3.02a00160/epdf Coca and betel-chewing: A query]
• 1919 [http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/read/sino_iranica.pdf Sino-Iranica; Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products]《中國與伊朗：古代伊朗與中國之文化交流》，杜正勝譯，台灣國立編譯館，1975年。
• 1920 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_multiple_births_among_the_chinese.pdf Multiple Births among the Chinese]
• 1920 [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1920.22.2.02a00110/epdf The reindeer once more]
• 1920 [https://archive.org/stream/americanjourna2a03wistuoft#page/258/mode/2up Sex transformation and hermaphrodites in China]
• 1922 [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015055836368;view=1up;seq=7 Archaic Chinese bronzes: of the Shang, Chou and Han periods, in the collections of Mr. Parish-Watson]
• 1922 [https://archive.org/details/japanesecollecti03guns Preface to "Japanese collections : Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall" by Helen C. Gunsaulus]
• 1922 [https://archive.org/details/chinesegateway01lauf The Chinese gateway]
• 1923 [https://web.archive.org/web/20170809063920if_/http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/read/skulls.pdf Use of Human Skulls and bones in Tibet]
• 1924 T'ang, Sung and Yüan paintings belonging to various Chinese collectors
• 1924 [https://archive.org/details/introductionofto19lauf Introduction of tobacco into Europe]
• 1924 [https://archive.org/details/tobaccoitsuseina18lauf Tobacco and its use in Asia]
• 1925 [http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/read/baskets.pdf Chinese Baskets]
• 1925 [http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/read/ivory.pdf Ivory in China]
• 1926 [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/20534 Ostrich egg-shell cups of Mesopotamia and the Ostrich in ancient and modern times]
• 1926 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3882&context=ocj Ostrich Egg-Shell Cups from Mesopotamia]
• 1927 Archaic Chinese jades
• 1927 [https://archive.org/stream/agatephysicalpro08farr#page/20/mode/2up Agate, archaeology and folklore]
• 1927 [http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/read/bugsing.pdf Insect-Musicians and Cricket Champions of China] Djvu
• 1928 [https://archive.org/details/giraffeinhistory27lauf The Giraffe in History and Art]
• 1928 [https://archive.org/details/prehistoryofavia181lauf The prehistory of aviation]
• 1928 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_pre-history_of%20_television.pdf The prehistory of television]
• 1930 Ethnology of the Mayas of southern and central British Honduras
• 1930 [http://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/1093 A Chinese-Hebrew Manuscript, a new Source for the History of the Chinese Jews]
• 1930 [https://archive.org/details/geophagy182lauf Geophagy]
• 1930 [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1930.32.1.02a00020/pdf The early history of felt]
• 1930 [https://archive.org/details/tobaccoitsuseina29lauf Tobacco and its use in Africa]
• 1931 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/Laufer_Columbus_and_Cathy_and_the_the_meaning_of_america_to_the_orientalist.pdf Columbus and Cathay, and the Meaning of America to the Orientalist]
• 1931 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/paper_and_printing_in_ancient_china.pdf Paper and Printing in Ancient China]
• 1931 [https://archive.org/details/domesticationofc183lauf The domestication of the cormorant in China and Japan]
• 1931 [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1931.33.1.02a00290/pdf Tobacco in New Guinea]
• 1932 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ocj/vol1932/iss10/1/ A Defender of the Faith and his Miracles]
• 1932 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4523&context=ocj Sino-American Points of Contact]
• 1933 [http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4521&context=ocj East and West]
• 1933 [https://archive.org/stream/racesofmankindin30fiel#page/n5/mode/2up Preface to "The races of mankind: an introduction to Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall"]
• 1933 [https://archive.org/stream/fieldmuseumnews04fiel#page/n11/mode/2up/search/pagoda The Jehol pagoda model(Field Museum News Vol.4 April 1933 No.4 p.1)]
• 1933 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_turtle_island.pdf Turtle Island]
• 1934 The gold treasure of the Emperor Chien Lung of China
• 1934 [https://archive.org/stream/arsislamica11934detr#page/n155/mode/2up Chinese Muhammadan bronzes]
• 1934 [https://archive.org/details/fieldmuseumnews05fiel Etruscans (Field Museum News Vol.5 January 1934 No.1 p.2)]
• 1934 [https://archive.org/stream/fieldmuseumnews05fiel#page/n23/mode/2up/search/chinese Rare Chinese brush-holder (Field Museum News Vol.5 June 1934 No.6 p.4)]
• 1934 [https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/ead/pdf/century0942.pdf The Chinese imperial gold collection]
• 1934 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/the_lemon_in_china_and_elsewhere.pdf The Lemon in China and Elsewhere]
• 1934 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_noria_or_persian_wheel.pdf The Noria or Persian Wheel]
• 1934 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/the_swing_in_china.pdf The Swing in China]
• 1935 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5425750c/f257.image Rye in the Far East and the Asiatic Origin of Our Word Series "Rye"]
• 1938 [https://archive.org/details/americanplantmig28lauf The American plant migration. The potato]
• 1939 [https://archive.org/details/ChristianArtInChina Christian art in China]

法文

• 1905 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5426579g/f360.item.r=Anneaux Anneaux nasaux en Chine]
• 1917 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k54283216/f12.image La Mandragore]
• 1918 [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k93293x/f3.image.r= Malabathron]
• 1922 [https://archive.org/stream/mmoiresling22soci#page/42/mode/2up Sanskrit Karketana]

德文

• 1898 [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_NUISAAAAYAAJ#page/n93/mode/2up/search/laufer Blumen, die unter den Tritten von Menschen hervorsprossen]
• 1898 [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_NUISAAAAYAAJ#page/n161/mode/2up Über eine Gattung mongolischer Volkslieder und ihre Verwandtschaft mit türkischen Liedern]
• 1898-1899 Ueber das va zur. Ein Beitrag zur Phonetik der tibetischen Sprache: [https://archive.org/stream/WienerZeitschriftFrDieKundeDesMorgenlandes/bd12#page/n301/mode/2up) part 1][https://archive.org/stream/WienerZeitschriftFrDieKundeDesMorgenlandes/bd13#page/n103/mode/2up part 2][https://archive.org/stream/WienerZeitschriftFrDieKundeDesMorgenlandes/bd13#page/n207/mode/2up part 3]
• 1908 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/Berthold_Laufer_Extrai_de_la_Revue_Orientale.pdf Skizze der manjurischen Literatur]
• 1907 [http://www.chinesehsc.org/downloads/laufer/laufer_geschichte_der_brille.pdf Zur Geschichte der Brille]

參考文獻
:https://web.archive.org/web/20070929122504/http://www.fieldmuseum.org/museum_info/press/press_qianlong_china.htm
:http://biodiversitylibrary.org/creator/3337
:http://qkzz.net/magazine/0000-0913/2009/01/3471105_2.htm 汉学家伯托尔德.劳费尔
:http://www.nx.xinhuanet.com/xixia/2005-08/31/content_5016699_8.htm 大汉学家罗佛论著专题目录