Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Red Hat Enterprise Linux（RHEL）是一個由Red Hat開發的商業市場導向的Linux发行版。红帽公司从 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 开始对企业版LINUX的每个版本提供10年的支持。Red Hat Enterprise Linux 常被簡稱爲 RHEL，但它並非官方名稱。

红帽企业 Linux 的第一个版本最初命名为“红帽 Linux 高级服务器”。2003 年，红帽将红帽 Linux 高级服务器更名为“红帽企业 Linux AS”  ，并增加了两个更多变体，红帽企业 Linux ES 和红帽企业 Linux WS。

红帽之前曾使用严格的商标规则来限制其官方支持的 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 版本的自由再分发，但仍然免费提供其源代码。第三方衍生品可以通过去除非自由组件（如红帽的商标）来构建和再分发。例如，包括社区支持的发行版如 Rocky Linux 和 AlmaLinux，以及商业发行版如 Oracle Linux。2023 年，红帽决定停止向公众提供 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 的源代码。该代码仍然可供红帽客户以及使用免费账户的开发者获取，但条件是禁止源代码的再分发。

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 大約3年发布一个新版本。

RHEL可以使用 Fedora EPEL 来补足软件。

基於
最初，Red Hat Enterprise Linux 基於 Red Hat Linux，但使用較為保守的發布週期。後來版本都是基於 Fedora。大約每六個版本的Fedora會有一個新版本的Red Hat Enterprise Linux發佈，從 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 開始，也同時基於同樣主版本號的CentOS Stream開發，因此：

*Red Hat Linux 6.2 → Red Hat Linux 6.2E
*Red Hat Linux 7.2 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1
*Red Hat Linux 9 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3
*Fedora Core 3 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4
*Fedora Core 6 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5
*Fedora 12,13 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
*Fedora 19,20 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
*Fedora 28 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
*Fedora 34/CentOS Stream 9 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9

版本历史
*Red Hat Linux 6.2E (Zoot), 2000-03-27
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 AS (Pensacola), 2002-03-26
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 ES (Panama), 2003-05
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (Taroon),2003-10-22。Linux内核版本2.4.21
** Update 1, 2004-01-16
** Update 2, 2004-05-18
** Update 3, 2004-09-03
** Update 4, 2004-12-21
** Update 5, 2005-05-20
** Update 6, 2005-09-28
** Update 7, 2006-03-15
** Update 8, 2006-07-20
** Update 9, 2007-06-15
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Nahant),2005-02-15(測試版2004-09-27)。Linux内核版本2.6.9
** 4.1，即Update 1, 2005-06-09 (測試版2005-04-08) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/as-x86/RELEASE-NOTES-U1-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.2，即Update 2, 2005-10-05 (測試版2005-08-19) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/as-x86/RELEASE-NOTES-U2-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.3，即Update 3, 2006-03-07 (測試版2005-12-22) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/as-x86/RELEASE-NOTES-U3-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.4，即Update 4, 2006-08-11 (測試版2006-07-13) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/as-x86/RELEASE-NOTES-U4-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.5，即Update 5, 2007-05-01 (測試版2007-02-26) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/RELEASE-NOTES-U5-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.6，即Update 6, 2007-11-15 (測試版2007-07-28) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/RELEASE-NOTES-U6-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.7，即Update 7, 2008-07-24 (測試版2008-05-28) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/RELEASE-NOTES-U7-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.8，即Update 8, 2009-05-18 (測試版2009-03-13) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/RELEASE-NOTES-U8-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 4.9，即Update 9, 2010-12-07 ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-4-Manual/release-notes/RELEASE-NOTES-U9-x86-en.html 發佈])
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (Tikanga),2007-03-14。Linux内核版本2.6.18
** 5.1，即Update 1, 2007-11-07 (測試版2007-10-10) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/RHEL-5-manual/release-notes/RELEASE-NOTES-U1-x86-en.html 發佈])
** 5.2，即Update 2, 2008-05-21 (測試版 (2008-03-13) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5.2/html/Release_Notes/x86/index.html 發佈])
** 5.3，即Update 3, 2009-01-20 (測試版2008-10-29) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 5.4，即Update 4, 2009-09-02 (測試版2009-07-01) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5.4/html/Release_Notes/ 發佈])
** 5.5，即Update 5, 2010-03-30 (測試版2010-02-10) ([http://www.redhat.com/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5.5/html/Release_Notes/ 發佈])
** 5.6，即Update 6, 2011-01-13 ([https://access.redhat.com/knowledge/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/5.6_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 5.7，即Update 7, 2011-07-21 ([https://access.redhat.com/knowledge/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/5.7_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 5.8，即Update 8, 2012-02-20 ([https://access.redhat.com/knowledge/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/5.8_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 5.9，即Update 9, 2013-01-07 ([https://access.redhat.com/knowledge/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/5.9_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 5.10，即Update 10, 2013-10-01 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/5.10_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 5.11，即Update 11, 2014-09-16 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/5.11_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (Santiago), 2010-11-10。Linux内核版本2.6.32
** 6.1，即Update 1, 2011-05-19 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.1_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.2，即Update 2, 2011-12-06 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.2_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.3，即Update 3, 2012-06-21 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.3_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.4，即Update 4, 2013-02-21 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.4_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.5，即Update 5, 2013-11-21 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.5_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.6，即Update 6, 2014-10-14 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.6_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.7，即Update 7, 2015-07-22 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.7_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.8，即Update 8, 2016-05-09 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.8_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.9，即Update 9, 2017-03-21 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.9_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 6.10，即Update 10, 2018-06-19 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/6.10_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 (Maipo), 2014-06-10。Linux内核版本3.10
** 7.0，為Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7的第一個版本([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.0_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])。
** 7.1，即Update 1, 2015-03-06 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.1_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.2，即Update 2, 2015-11-19 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.2_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.3，即Update 3, 2016-11-03 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.3_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.4，即Update 4, 2017-08-01 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.4_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.5，即Update 5, 2018-04-10 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.5_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.6，即Update 6, 2018-10-30 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.6_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.7，即Update 7, 2019-08-06 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.7_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.8，即Update 8, 2020-03-31 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.8_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 7.9，即Update 9, 2020-09-30 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/7.9_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8, 2019-05-07。Linux内核版本4.18
** 8.0，為Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8的第一個版本([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.0_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])。
** 8.1，即Update 1, 2019-11-05 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.1_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.2，即Update 2, 2020-04-21 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.2_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.3，即Update 3, 2020-10-29 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.3_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.4，即Update 4, 2021-05-21 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.4_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.5，即Update 5, 2021-11-10 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.5_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.6，即Update 6, 2022-05-11 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.6_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.7，即Update 7, 2022-11-09 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.7_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.8，即Update 8, 2023-05-16 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.8_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.9，即Update 9, 2023-11-14 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.9_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 8.10，即Update 10, 2024-05-23 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/8/html/8.10_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9, 2022-05-18。Linux内核版本5.14。该版本的AMD64架构需要支持x86-64-v2指令集的CPU。
** 9.0，為Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9的第一個版本([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.0_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])。
** 9.1，即Update 1, 2022-11-16 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.1_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 9.2，即Update 2, 2023-05-10 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.2_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 9.3，即Update 3, 2023-11-07 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.3_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 9.4，即Update 4, 2024-05-01 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.4_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 9.5，即Update 5, 2024-11-13 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.5_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 9.6，即Update 6, 2025-05-20 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.6_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 9.7，即Update 7, 2025-11-12 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.7_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 9.8，即Update 8, 2026-05-20 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/9/html/9.8_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
*Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, 2025-05-13。Linux内核版本6.12。该版本的AMD64架构需要支持x86-64-v3指令集的CPU。
** 10.0，為Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10的第一個版本([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/10/html/10.0_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])。
** 10.1，即Update 1, 2025-11-12 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/10/html/10.1_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])
** 10.2，即Update 2, 2026-05-20 ([https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/10/html/10.2_Release_Notes/index.html 發佈])

衍生版本
衍生版本有CentOS、AlmaLinux、Rocky Linux、Fedora、Scientific Linux及Oracle Linux等。

各版本比較：

注释
參考文獻
外部链接
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