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吉爾伯特·西蒙東

Wikipedia · 2026-01-27 维基百科 👁 2 阅读

吉爾伯特·西蒙東（，；），是法国哲学家，知名於其个体化理论和技术哲学。西蒙東的作品以其对資訊理論、传播学、技术和自然科学的哲学方法为特色。尽管西蒙東在世时遭到忽视了，但資訊时代促使人们重新評價西蒙東的作品。西蒙東的技術哲學思想為21世纪提供借鏡。

尽管西蒙東的思想在法国，乃至整个欧洲的后结构主义浪潮中，遭到忽視，但仍有少数哲學家率先注意到西蒙東作品。其中最著名的是德勒兹。德勒兹的《意義的邏輯》深受西蒙東个体化理论的影响；还有马尔色，其《单向度的人》从西蒙東关于技术异化與影响汲取灵感。西蒙東也影响了布鲁诺·拉图、施蒂格勒和許煜。

生涯
西蒙東，出生于圣艾蒂安，是科学哲学家乔治·康吉莱姆、哲学家马夏尔·盖鲁和现象学家梅洛庞蒂的学生。西蒙東曾就读于巴黎高等师范学院和索邦大学。 1958年，西蒙東在巴黎大学通过博士论文答辩。西蒙東的主要论文《形式與資訊概念觀照下的個體化》（），分两部分发表。1964年，第一部以《个体化及其物理生物学的生成過程》（）为题发表；1989年，第二部以《精神和集体个体化》（）為題發表。虽然該作直到德勒兹、拉图及斯蒂格勒重新評價後才獲得广泛阅读，但其1958年的《論技術物的存在模式》（）甫出版即引起关注。2005年，才出版该作的完整版本。

個體化與技術
在《精神和集体个体化》中，西蒙東发展个体与集体个体化的理论。其中個別的主体是个体化的结果而非原因。因此，原子化的個體應視為无止境的個體化過程。西蒙東設想了“前個體場”为使个体化成为可能的资源。个体化是一个永远不完整的过程，总是会留下“前个体”的残余，使未来的个体化成为可能。此外，精神的個體化总是会创造出個體的主體與集體的主體，使其共同個体化。西蒙東批评诺伯特·维纳的模控學，认为“从一开始，模控學就接受了所有技术理论都必须拒绝的东西：按照既定标准、属、种，对技术对象进行分类。” 西蒙東希望通过发展机器的“一般现象学”（）克服模控學的缺陷。

作品

  • 《論技術物的存在模式》（Du mode d'existence des objets techniques, 1958)

** 《論技術物的存在模式》, 許煜譯，南京大學出版社，2024

  • 《个体化及其物理生物学的生成過程》（, 1964)
  • 《精神和集体个体化》（**', 1989）

身後發表

  • **', Cours et conferences (Éd. du Seuil, coll. "Traces écrites").
  • **' (Jérôme Millon, coll. Krisis, 2005).
  • Cours sur la perception (1964–1965), Préface de Renaud Barbaras (Editions de La Transparence).
  • Imagination et invention (1965–1966) (Editions de La Transparence, 2008).
  • Communication et Information. Cours et Conférences (Éditions de La Transparence, 2010).
  • Sur la technique (P.U.F., 2014).
  • Sur la psychologie (P.U.F., 2015).
  • Sur la philosophie (P.U.F., 2016).
  • La résolution des problèmes (P.U.F., 2018).

參考
註腳
延伸阅读

  • Alloa, Emmanuel, "[https://www.cairn.info/revue-critique-2015-5-page-356.htm Prégnances du devenir. Simondon et les images] ", in Critique 816 (2015): 356 – 371 .
  • Alloa, Emmanuel & Judith Michalet, [https://www.academia.edu/31894400/Differences_in_Becoming._Gilbert_Simondon_and_Gilles_Deleuze_on_Individuation "Differences in Becoming. Gilbert Simondon and Gilles Deleuze on Individuation"] in Philosophy Today vol. 61 no. 3 (2017): 475–502..
  • Bardin, Andrea, "[http://rdcu.be/JfT3 Philosophy as Political Technē: The Tradition of Invention in Simondon’s Political Thought]" Contemporary Political Theory, 2018.
  • Bardin, Andrea, [https://www.springer.com/philosophy/epistemology+and+philosophy+of+science/book/978-94-017-9830-3 Epistemology and Political Philosophy in Gilbert Simondon.Individuation, Technics, Social Systems] (Springer, 2015).
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, Life and Technology: An Inquiry Into and Beyond Simondon (tr. B. Norman, Meson Press, 2015).
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, Simondon (Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2014).
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues (dir.), Cahiers Simondon N° 1 to 6 (Paris: L'Harmattan, 2009–2015).
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, "Individuation and Knowledge. The refutation of idealism in Simondon's Heritage in France", translated by M. Hayward and A. De Boever, SubStance, Special Issue "Gilbert Simondon", Issue 129, Vol. 41, N°3, 2012.
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, "What new Humanism today ?", translated by Chris Turner, Cultural Politics, Vol. 6, Issue 2, Bergs Publishers, 2010.
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, "Du mort qui saisit le vif. Simondonian ontology today", trans. Justin Clemens, [http://www.parrhesiajournal.org/index.html Parrhesia 7 (2009): 28–35] .
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, Simondon ou l'encyclopédisme génétique (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2008)
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, Penser l'individuation. Simondon et la philosophie de la nature (Paris: L'Harmattan, 2005). .
  • Barthélémy, Jean-Hugues, Penser la connaissance et la technique après Simondon (Paris: L'Harmattan, 2005). .
  • Bidet, Alexandra, Macé, Marielle. "S'individuer, s'émanciper, risquer un style (autour de Simondon)", Revue du Mauss, n°38 – Emancipation, subjectivation, individuation. Psychanalyse, philosophie et science sociale, La Découverte, 2011, pp. 269–284.
  • Bontems, Vincent (dir.), Gilbert Simondon ou l'invention du futur (Paris: Klincksieck, 2016).
  • Caponi, Saverio, Gilbert Simondon. La tecnica e la vita, Lulu.com, 2010.
  • Carrozzini, Giovanni, Gilbert Simondon filosofo della mentalité technique, Mimesis, Milano 2011.
  • Carrozzini, Giovanni, Gilbert Simondon: per un'assiomatica dei saperi. Dall'"ontologia dell'individuo" alla filosofia della tecnologia, Manni, San Cesario di Lecce 2006
  • Chabot, Pascal, La philosophie de Simondon (Paris, Vrin, 2003). (English translation : "[http://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/the-philosophy-of-simondon-9781780933115/ The philosophy of Simondon.Between technology and individuation] ", Bloomsbury, 2013)
  • Combes, Muriel, Gilbert Simondon and the Philosophy of the Transindividual, translated by Thomas LaMarre, MIT Press 2013 (originally published in French: Simondon, Individu et collectivité, Presses Universitaires de France 1999)
  • Critique no. 816 (2015), Special Issue on Gilbert Simondon, with texts by Elie During, Emmanuel Alloa, Irlande Saurin, Anne Sauvegnargues and Gilbert Simondon [https://web.archive.org/web/20160314054609/http://www.leseditionsdeminuit.fr/f/index.php?sp=liv&livre_id=3125]
  • Deleuze, Gilles, "On Gilbert Simondon," in Desert Islands and Other Texts, 1953–1974 (Los Angeles & New York: Semiotext(e), 2004): 86–9. ISBN 1-58435-018-0
  • De Boever, Murray, Roffe & Ashley (eds.), [http://www.euppublishing.com/book/9780748677214 Gilbert Simondon: Being and Technology] ([http://www.euppublishing.com Edinburgh University Press] , hardback: 2012; paperback: March 2013).
  • Dumouchel, Paul, "Gilbert Simondon's Plea for a Philosophy of Technology," in The Politics of Knowledge (Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1995): 255–71. ISBN 0-253-20940-4.
  • During, Elie, [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311012722/http://ciepfc.rhapsodyk.net/article.php3?id_article=128 Simondon au pied du mur]. .
  • Hottois, Gilbert, Simondon et la philosophie de la culture technique (Brussels: De Boeck, 1992). .
  • Mackenzie, Adrian, Transductions: Bodies and Machines at Speed (Continuum Press, 2002). ISBN 0-8264-5883-1
  • Massumi, Brian, Technical Mentality" Revisited: Brian Massumi on Gilbert Simondon, [http://www.parrhesiajournal.org/index.html Parrhesia 7 (2009): 36–45] .
  • Mills, Simon, Gilbert Simondon – Information, Technology and Media (Rowman and Littlefield, 2016).
  • Morizot, Baptiste, Pour une théorie de la rencontre. Hasard et individuation chez Gilbert Simondon (Paris: Vrin, 2016; foreword by Jean-Hugues Barthélémy).
  • Revue philosophique de la France et de l'étranger, Gilbert Simondon, n°3/2006.
  • Sabolius, Kristupas, "[https://www.academia.edu/45006934/Traversing_Life_and_Thought_Gilbert_Simondons_Theory_of_Cyclic_Imagination Traversing Life and Thought: Gilbert Simondon's Theory of Cyclic Imagination] ", in Social Imaginaries 5.2 (2019): 37–57.
  • Scott, David, Gilbert Simondon's Psychic and Collective Individuation (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014).
  • Stiegler, Bernard, Acting Out (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2009).
  • Stiegler, Bernard, [http://www.parrhesiajournal.org/parrhesia07/parrhesia07_stiegler.pdf The Theater of Individuation: Phase-shift and Resolution in Simondon and Heidegger] , trans. Kristina Lebedeva, Parrhesia 7 (2009): 46–57.
  • Stiegler, Bernard, Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998).
  • Stiegler, Bernard, [http://multitudes.samizdat.net/Temps-et-individuation-technique.html Temps et individuation technique, psychique, et collective dans l’oeuvre de Simondon] . .
  • Tenti, Gregorio, Estetica e morfologia in Gilbert Simondon, Mimesis, 2020
  • Thibault, Ghislain, Filming Simondon: The National Film Board, Education, and Humanism , Canadian Journal of Film Studies, vol. 26 n°1/2017, pp. 1–23 [https://utpjournals.press/doi/pdf/10.3138/CJFS.26.1.2017-0001]
  • Thibault, Ghislain and Mark Hayward, [https://cjc.utpjournals.press/doi/full/10.22230/cjc.2017v42n3a3197 Understanding Machines: A History of Canadian Mechanology] , Canadian Journal of Communication, vol. 42 n°3/2017
  • Toscano, Alberto, "Technical Culture and the Limits of Interaction: A Note on Simondon," in Joke Brouwer & Arjen Mulder (eds.), Interact or Die! (Rotterdam: NAi, 2007): 198–205.
  • Virno, Paolo, Angels and the General Intellect: Individuation in Duns Scotus and Gilbert Simondon, [http://www.parrhesiajournal.org/index.html Parrhesia 7 (2009): 58–67] .
  • Olivier Del Fabbro: Philosophieren mit Objekten – Gilbert Simondons prozessuale Individuationsontologie, Frankfurt am Main: Campus Verlag. 2021.

外部链接

#形而上学学者 #欧陆哲学家 #巴黎大學校友 #20世纪法国哲学家 #巴黎高等师范学院校友 #1924年出生 #技术史学家 #1989年逝世 #有未列明来源语句的条目

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