碲（原子量：127.60(3)）有39种同位素与17种同核异构体，原子量介于104至142。其中，有八种同位素（120Te、122Te、123Te、124Te、125Te、126Te、128Te、130Te）存在于自然界。128Te和130Te有放射性，但半衰期都极长，分别为2.25年和7.91年。碲最长寿的人造同位素则是半衰期19.31天的121Te，但诸如121mTe（半衰期164.7天）的同核异构体有更长的半衰期。
放射性同位素128Te和130Te是碲最常见的两种同位素。碲与铟、铼一样都是放射性同位素的丰度比稳定同位素的丰度大的例子。
有团队报告称已发现123Te的电子捕获，但他们之后的测量结果否认了这点。123Te的半衰期至少为9.2年。
|notes=excited, stable_decay_product, range, long_halflife, spin_hash, mass_hash, halflife_hash
}}
|-
| 104Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 52
|
| 100Sn
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 105Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 53
| 104.94364(54)#
| 620(70) ns
| α
| 101Sn
| 5/2+#
|
|
|-
| 106Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 54
| 105.93750(14)
| 70(20) µs
[70(+20-10) µs]
|
| 102Sn
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|107Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 55
| rowspan=2|106.93501(32)#
| rowspan=2|3.1(1) ms
| (70%)
| 103Sn
| rowspan=2|5/2+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| (30%)
| 107Sb
|-
| rowspan=4|108Te
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 56
| rowspan=4|107.92944(11)
| rowspan=4|2.1(1) s
| (51%)
| 108Sb
| rowspan=4|0+
| rowspan=4|
| rowspan=4|
|-
| (49%)
| 104Sn
|-
| , (2.4%)
| 107Sn
|-
| , (.065%)
| 104In
|-
| rowspan=4|109Te
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 57
| rowspan=4|108.92742(7)
| rowspan=4|4.6(3) s
| (86.99%)
| 109Sb
| rowspan=4|(5/2+)
| rowspan=4|
| rowspan=4|
|-
| , (9.4%)
| 108Sn
|-
| α (7.9%)
| 105Sn
|-
| , α (.005%)
| 105In
|-
| rowspan=2|110Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 58
| rowspan=2|109.92241(6)
| rowspan=2|18.6(8) s
| (99.99%)
| 110Sb
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , (.003%)
| 109Sn
|-
| rowspan=2|111Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 59
| rowspan=2|110.92111(8)
| rowspan=2|19.3(4) s
|
| 111Sb
| rowspan=2|(5/2)+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , （不常見）
| 110Sn
|-
| 112Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 60
| 111.91701(18)
| 2.0(2) min
|
| 112Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 113Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 61
| 112.91589(3)
| 1.7(2) min
|
| 113Sb
| (7/2+)
|
|
|-
| 114Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| 113.91209(3)
| 15.2(7) min
|
| 114Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 115Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 63
| 114.91190(3)
| 5.8(2) min
|
| 115Sb
| 7/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 115m1Te
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 10(7) keV
| rowspan=2|6.7(4) min
|
| 115Sb
| rowspan=2|(1/2)+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT
| 115Te
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 115m2Te
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 280.05(20) keV
| 7.5(2) µs
|
|
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 116Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| 115.90846(3)
| 2.49(4) h
|
| 116Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 117Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 65
| 116.908645(14)
| 62(2) min
|
| 117Sb
| 1/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 117mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 296.1(5) keV
| 103(3) ms
| IT
| 117Te
| (11/2-)
|
|
|-
| 118Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| 117.905828(16)
| 6.00(2) d
|
| 118Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 119Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 67
| 118.906404(9)
| 16.05(5) h
|
| 119Sb
| 1/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 119mTe
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 260.96(5) keV
| rowspan=2|4.70(4) d
| (99.99%)
| 119Sb
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (.008%)
| 119Te
|-
| 120Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 68
| 119.90402(1)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定
| 0+
| 9(1)×10−4
|
|-
| 121Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 69
| 120.904936(28)
| 19.16(5) d
|
| 121Sb
| 1/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 121mTe
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 293.991(22) keV
| rowspan=2|154(7) d
| IT (88.6%)
| 121Te
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| (11.4%)
| 121Sb
|-
| 122Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 70
| 121.9030439(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|**'
| 0+
| 0.0255(12)
|
|-
| 123Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 71
| 122.9042700(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定
| 1/2+
| 0.0089(3)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 123mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 247.47(4) keV
| 119.2(1) d
| IT
| 123Te
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 124Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 72
| 123.9028179(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|**'
| 0+
| 0.0474(14)
|
|-
| 125Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 73
| 124.9044307(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|**'
| 1/2+
| 0.0707(15)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 125mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 144.772(9) keV
| 57.40(15) d
| IT
| 125Te
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 126Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 74
| 125.9033117(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|**'
| 0+
| 0.1884(25)
|
|-
| 127Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 76
| 127.9044631(19)
| 2.2(3)×1024 a
|
| 128Xe
| 0+
| 0.3174(8)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 128mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2790.7(4) keV
| 370(30) ns
|
|
| 10+
|
|
|-
| 129Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 83
| 134.91645(10)
| 19.0(2) s
|
| 135I
| (7/2-)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 135mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1554.88(17) keV
| 510(20) ns
|
|
| (19/2-)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|136Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84
| rowspan=2|135.92010(5)
| rowspan=2|17.63(8) s
| (98.7%)
| 136I
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , (1.3%)
| 135I
|-
| rowspan=2|137Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 85
| rowspan=2|136.92532(13)
| rowspan=2|2.49(5) s
| (97.01%)
| 137I
| rowspan=2|3/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , (2.99%)
| 136I
|-
| rowspan=2|138Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 86
| rowspan=2|137.92922(22)#
| rowspan=2|1.4(4) s
| (93.7%)
| 138I
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , (6.3%)
| 137I
|-
| rowspan=2|139Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 87
| rowspan=2|138.93473(43)#
| rowspan=2|500 ms
[>300 ns]#
|
| 139I
| rowspan=2|5/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , n
| 138I
|-
| rowspan=2|140Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 88
| rowspan=2|139.93885(32)#
| rowspan=2|300 ms
[>300 ns]#
|
| 140I
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , n
| 139I
|-
| rowspan=2|141Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 89
| rowspan=2|140.94465(43)#
| rowspan=2|100 ms
[>300 ns]#
|
| 141I
| rowspan=2|5/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , n
| 140I
|-
| 142Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 90
| 141.94908(64)#
| 50 ms
[>300 ns]#
|
| 142I
| 0+
|
|
|}
参考文獻
- Isotope masses from [https://web.archive.org/web/20080923134436/http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/index.html Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation] by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from [http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2003/7506/7506x0683.html Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)] . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and [http://www.iupac.org/news/archives/2005/atomic-weights_revised05.html Atomic Weights Revised (2005)] .
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
** Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. [http://amdc.in2p3.fr/web/nubase_en.html The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties] , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
** National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the [http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/ NuDat 2.1 database] (retrieved Sept. 2005).
* David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition*, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
评论 (0)