鉀（原子質量單位：39.0983(1)）共有28個同位素，其中有2個是穩定的。
圖表
|-
|
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 12
|
| 28S
|
|
|-
| 34K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 15
| 33.998404(18)
|
| p
| 33Ar
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|35K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 16
| rowspan=2|34.988010(21)
| rowspan=2|178(8) ms
| β+ (99.63%)
| 35Ar
| rowspan=2|3/2+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+, p (.37%)
| 34Cl
|-
| rowspan=3|36K
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 17
| rowspan=3|35.981292(8)
| rowspan=3|342(2) ms
| β+ (99.94%)
| 36Ar
| rowspan=3|2+
| rowspan=3|
|-
| β+, p (.048%)
| 35Cl
|-
| β+, α (.012%)
| 32S
|-
| 37K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 18
| 36.97337589(10)
| 1.226(7) s
| β+
| 37Ar
| 3/2+
|
|-
| 38K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| 37.9690812(5)
| 7.636(18) min
| β+
| 38Ar
| 3+
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 38m1K
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 130.50(28) keV
| 924.2(3) ms
|
|
| 0+
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 38m2K
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3458.0(2) keV
| 21.98(11) µs
|
|
| (7+),(5+)
|
|-
|
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 20
| 38.96370668(20)
| colspan=3 align=center|**'
| 3/2+
| 0.932581(44)
|-
| rowspan=3|
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 21
| rowspan=3|39.96399848(21)
| rowspan=3|1.248(3)×109 y
| β− (89.28%)
| 40Ca
| rowspan=3|4
| rowspan=3|1.17(1)×10−4
|-
| EC (10.72%)
| rowspan=2|40Ar
|-
|-
| β+ (0.001%)
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 40mK
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1643.639(11) keV
| 336(12) ns
|
|
| 0+
|
|-
| 41K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 22
| 40.96182576(21)
| colspan=3 align=center|穩定
| 3/2+
| 0.067302(44)
|-
| 42K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| 41.96240281(24)
| 12.360(12) h
| β−
| 42Ca
| 2
|
|-
| 43K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 24
| 42.960716(10)
| 22.3(1) h
| β−
| 43Ca
| 3/2+
|
|-
| 44K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 25
| 43.96156(4)
| 22.13(19) min
| β−
| 44Ca
| 2−
|
|-
| 45K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 26
| 44.960699(11)
| 17.3(6) min
| β−
| 45Ca
| 3/2+
|
|-
| 46K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 27
| 45.961977(17)
| 105(10) s
| β−
| 46Ca
| 2(−)
|
|-
| 47K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 28
| 46.961678(9)
| 17.50(24) s
| β−
| 47Ca
| 1/2+
|
|-
| rowspan=2|48K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29
| rowspan=2|47.965514(26)
| rowspan=2|6.8(2) s
| β− (98.86%)
| 48Ca
| rowspan=2|(2−)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (1.14%)
| 47Ca
|-
| rowspan=2|49K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 30
| rowspan=2|48.96745(8)
| rowspan=2|1.26(5) s
| β−, n (86%)
| 48Ca
| rowspan=2|(3/2+)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β− (14%)
| 49Ca
|-
| rowspan=2|50K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 31
| rowspan=2|49.97278(30)
| rowspan=2|472(4) ms
| β− (71%)
| 50Ca
| rowspan=2|(0−,1,2−)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (29%)
| 49Ca
|-
| rowspan=2|51K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 32
| rowspan=2|50.97638(54)#
| rowspan=2|365(5) ms
| β− (53%)
| 51Ca
| rowspan=2|3/2+#
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (47%)
| 50Ca
|-
| rowspan=3|52K
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 33
| rowspan=3|51.98261(75)#
| rowspan=3|105(5) ms
| β−, n (64%)
| 51Ca
| rowspan=3|(2−)#
| rowspan=3|
|-
| β−, 2n (21%)
| 50Ca
|-
| β− (15%)
| 52Ca
|-
| rowspan=3|53K
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=3|52.98712(75)#
| rowspan=3|30(5) ms
| β−, n (67%)
| 52Ca
| rowspan=3|(3/2+)#
| rowspan=3|
|-
| β−, 2n (17%)
| 51Ca
|-
| β− (16%)
| 53Ca
|-
| rowspan=2|54K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 35
| rowspan=2|53.99420(97)#
| rowspan=2|10(5) ms
| β− (>99.9%)
| 54Ca
| rowspan=2|2−#
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (53Ca
|-
| rowspan=2|55K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 36
| rowspan=2|54.99971(107)#
| rowspan=2|3# ms
| β−
| 55Ca
| rowspan=2|3/2+#
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n
| 54Ca
|-
| rowspan=2|56K
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 37
| rowspan=2|56.00851(86)#
| rowspan=2|1# ms
| β−
| 56Ca
| rowspan=2|2−#
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n
| 55Ca
|-
| 57K
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| style="text-align:right" | 40
|
|
| β−
| 59Ca
|
|
|}
参考文獻
- Isotope masses from [https://web.archive.org/web/20080923134436/http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/index.html Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation] by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
** Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. [http://amdc.in2p3.fr/web/nubase_en.html The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties] , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
** National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the [http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/ NuDat 2.1 database] (retrieved Sept. 2005).
* David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition*, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
评论 (0)