氟(原子量:18.9984032(5))共有19個已知同位素,質量數介於13-31之間,其中只有1個是穩定的,其他都具有放射性,因此氟屬於單一同位素元素。天然存在的氟同位素只有穩定的19F,而放射性同位素18F是一個很好的正电子源。
圖表
|-
| 13F
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| 13.04512(54)#
|
| p
| 12O
| {{refn|group=n|人们可能观察到了自旋5/2+的激发态,但不确定基态氟-13的自旋。
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| 18.0009373(5)
| 109.771(20) min
| β+
| 18O
| 1+
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 18mF
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1121.36(15) keV
| 162(7) ns
| IT
| 18F
| 5+
|
|-
|
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 10
| 18.9984031621(9)
| colspan=3 align=center|**'
| 1/2+
| 1.0000
|-
| 20F
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 11
| 19.99998125(3)
| 11.163(8) s
| β−
| 20Ne
| 2+
|
|-
| 21F
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 12
| 20.9999489(19)
| 4.158(20) s
| β−
| 21Ne
| 5/2+
|
|-
| rowspan=2|22F
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13
| rowspan=2|22.002999(13)
| rowspan=2|4.23(4) s
| β− (89.0%)
| 22Ne
| rowspan=2|4+,(3+)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (11.0%)
| 21Ne
|-
| rowspan=2|23F
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2|23.00353(4)
| rowspan=2|2.23(14) s
| β− (86.0%)
| 23Ne
| rowspan=2|5/2+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (14.0%)
| 22Ne
|-
| rowspan=2|24F
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 15
| rowspan=2|24.0081(1)
| rowspan=2|400(50) ms
| β− (94.1%)
| 24Ne
| rowspan=2|(1,2,3)+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (5.9%)
| 23Ne
|-
| rowspan=2|25F
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 16
| rowspan=2|25.01217(10)
| rowspan=2|50(6) ms
| β− (76.0%)
| 25Ne
| rowspan=2|(5/2+)#
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (24.0%)
| 24Ne
|-
| rowspan=2|26F
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 9
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 17
| rowspan=2|26.02005(11)
| rowspan=2|9.6(8) ms
| β− (68.0%)
| 26Ne
| rowspan=2|1+
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (32.0%)
| 25Ne
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" |
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" |
| rowspan=2 |
| IT ()
|
| rowspan=2|(4+)
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−n ()
|
|-
|-
| 27F
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 18
| 27.02698(13)
| 4.9(2) ms
| β−
| 27Ne
| 5/2+#
|
|-
| 28F
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| 28.03586(13)
| 27F
|
|
|-
| 29F
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 20
| 29.04310(56)
| 2.6(3) ms
| β−
| 29Ne
| 5/2+#
|
|-
| 30F
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 21
| 30.05256(54)#
|
|
| 29F
|
|
|-
| 31F
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| style="text-align:right" | 22
| 31.06102(57)#
| 1# ms [>260 ns]
|
|
| 5/2+#
|
|}
氟-18是质子数和中子数一样,并且是奇数的不稳定核素里最轻的,各有9个。
氟-19
氟-19是氟的唯一一种稳定同位素。它在天然氟里面占了100%,没有其它的同位素存在于自然中。它的结合能为147801 keV。氟-19的自旋为1/2,因此可用于。
氟-20
氟-20是氟的人造放射性同位素之一。它的半衰期为11.07秒,会进行β衰变,形成20Ne。它的放射性为1.885×109TBq/g,平均寿命有15.87秒长。
氟-21
氟-21是氟的人造放射性同位素之一。它的半衰期为4.158秒,会进行β衰变,形成21Ne。它的放射性为4.78×109TBq/g。
參考文獻
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
** Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. [http://amdc.in2p3.fr/web/nubase_en.html The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties] , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
** National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the [http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/ NuDat 2.1 database] (retrieved Sept. 2005).
* David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition*, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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