灰色粘质（，也拼作grey goo），又称灰蛊或灰雾，是一种假想的世界末日情景，在该情景中失控的大量分子纳米技术制成的自我复制机消耗掉了地球上所有的生物量以复制自身，这一情景也被称为。最初的设想中，该种机器是一开始就设定为拥有自我复制的能力，后来演变成了机器偶然获得了自我复制的能力。
广义上的自我复制机最早由数学家约翰·冯·诺伊曼提出，因此自我复制机器有时也被称为冯·诺伊曼探测器。灰色粘质这一词汇最早由纳米技术先驱《创造的发动机》（1986）中使用，然而2004年他表示“我宁可自己没用过‘灰色粘质’这个词。”灰色粘质这一用语的流行可追溯到大众杂志《》1986年11月刊的一篇文章中。
情景概论
灰色粘质的理念最早被纳米技术先驱金·埃里克·德雷克斯勒在《创造的发动机》（1986）中使用。
然而在歷史頻道的节目中提出了一个与德雷克斯勒想法相左的情形：
德雷克斯勒在《创造的发动机》第11章进一步描述了灰色粘质：
不过，德雷克斯勒提到了自我复制机器的指数增长事实上受到原材料数量的限制。德雷克斯勒最早使用“灰色粘质”并非为了暗示纳米机器人是灰色的，而是强调人类价值观中优越性与竞争中优越性的差别：
在小说中的描述
另见
- 貓的搖籃
- 分子機器
- 智能微塵
- 合成生物学
参考资料
扩展阅读
- 琳·馬古利斯和—《生命是什么？》 (1995). Simon & Schuster.
- 比尔·布莱森 《万物简史》 (2003)
- [https://archive.org/details/NickSzabosEssayGreenGoo-LifeInTheEraOfHumaneGenocide Green Goo—Life in the Era of Humane Genocide] by Nick Szabo
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927221021/http://www.etcgroup.org/upload/publication/174/01/comm_greengoo77.pdf Green Goo: Nanotechnology Comes Alive!]
- [http://archive.wired.com/medtech/health/news/2004/07/64235 Green Goo: The New Nanothreat] from Wired
外部链接
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20150929052716/http://lifeboat.com/ex/global.ecophagy Some Limits to Global Ecophagy by Biovorous Nanoreplicators, with Public Policy Recommendations]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20150722145754/http://crnano.org/papers.htm#Goo Safe exponential manufacturing] Paper critical of "grey goo," summarized in article [http://www.physorg.com/news170.html Nanotechnology pioneer slays "grey goo" myths]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20180703013640/http://www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm Online edition of the Royal Society's report Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainties]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180055/http://www.nanotec.org.uk/ UK Government & Royal Society commission on Nanotechnology and Nanoscience]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023432/http://people.ee.duke.edu/~dwyer/courses/ece299.05/Drexler%20vs%20Smalley.pdf Nanotechnology: Drexler and Smalley make the case for and against 'molecular assemblers'] (理查德·斯莫利 argues that laws of chemistry imply it will be impossible to ever create "self-replicating nanobots" whose abilities to assemble molecules are significantly different than those of biological self-replicators. Some pro-nanobot responses to Smalley's argument can be found at [https://web.archive.org/web/20150914204407/http://www.imm.org/publications/sciamdebate2/smalley/ Debate About Assemblers — Smalley Rebuttal], [https://web.archive.org/web/20150915000732/http://www.kurzweilai.net/the-drexler-smalley-debate-on-molecular-assembly The Drexler-Smalley debate on molecular assembly], [http://www.crnano.org/Debate.htm Of Chemistry, Nanobots, and Policy] , and [https://web.archive.org/web/20151018060642/https://www.foresight.org/nano/istherev.html Is the Revolution Real?])
- [https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/plain/A879933 Nanotechnology and the Grey Goo Problem] , BBC
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