炭團菌屬

炭團菌屬（学名：Hypoxylon）通常是一種常著生於腐木上的子囊菌。歐洲最常見的物種為Hypoxylon fragiforme，通常生長於死去的山毛櫸的樹幹上。

根據形態學研究和基因序列分析，之前有27種物種被歸類於炭團菌屬，其中，Annulata於2005年被重新分配到Annulohypoxylon的新屬中。

應用
一些炭團菌屬的菌可以用來培養銀耳，而銀耳是台灣跟中國的重要藥用食物。銀耳是一種寄生性的酵母菌，在沒有此屬真菌的寄生情形下，無法形成給人類食用的子實體。

在炭團菌屬中，栽培銀耳比較偏好於使用Hypoxylon archeri這隻菌種。
|朱红炭团菌 |Hypoxylon cinnabarinum |(Henn.) Henn.
||Hypoxylon citrinum |Shear
||Hypoxylon commutatum |Nitschke
||Hypoxylon confertisilvae |Lar.N.Vassiljeva et S.L.Stephenson
||Hypoxylon conicum |P.M.D.Martin
|集咀炭团菌 |Hypoxylon conostomum |(Mont.) Mont. 1855
||Hypoxylon coorgianum |A.Pande
||Hypoxylon cornutum |(Hoffm.) Gray
||Hypoxylon croceum |J.H.Mill.
|杏黄炭团菌 |Hypoxylon crocopeplum |Berk. et M.A.Curtis
||Hypoxylon cuneosporum |P.M.D.Martin
||Hypoxylon curvirimum |Y.M.Ju, J.D.Rogers et Lodge
||Hypoxylon cyanescens |Hai X.Ma, Lar.N.Vassiljeva et Yu Li
|青冈炭团菌 |Hypoxylon cyclobalanopsidis |Hai X. Ma & Z.K. Song, 2021
|镶边炭团菌 |Hypoxylon sublimbatum |(Durieu et Mont.) P.M.D.Martin
||Hypoxylon submonticulosum |Y.M.Ju et J.D.Rogers
||Hypoxylon subrutiloides |Y.M.Ju et J.D.Rogers
||Hypoxylon subrutilum |Starbäck
||Hypoxylon subticinense |Y.M.Ju et J.D.Rogers
|亚热带炭团菌 |Hypoxylon subtrugodes |J.Fourn. et Lechat
||Hypoxylon succenturiatum |Tode
||Hypoxylon sulcatum |Starbäck
||Hypoxylon suranareei |Suwann., Rodtong, Thienh. et Whalley
||Hypoxylon surannareei |Suwann., Rodtong, Thienh. et Whalley
||Hypoxylon tassianum |(Ces. et De Not.) P.M.D.Martin
||Hypoxylon teeravasati |Devadatha, V.V.Sarma et E.B.G Jones
||Hypoxylon terricola |J.H.Mill.
||Hypoxylon texcalense |F.San Martín, Port.-Port. et P.Lavín
||Hypoxylon texense |Kuhnert et Sir
||Hypoxylon theissenii |Bres.
||Hypoxylon ticinense |L.E.Petrini
|松杉炭团菌 |Hypoxylon trugodes |Berk. et Broome，热带炭团菌
||Hypoxylon tuberculiforme |I.Hino et Katum.
|榆炭团菌 |Hypoxylon ulmophilum |Lar.N.Vassiljeva
||Hypoxylon umbilicatum |Speg.
||Hypoxylon undulatum |Y.M.Ju, J.D.Rogers et Læssøe
||Hypoxylon urriesii |J.Fourn. et M.Stadler
||Hypoxylon vandervekenii |Van der Gucht, Y.M.Ju et J.D.Rogers
||Hypoxylon venezuelense |Y.M.Ju et J.D.Rogers
||Hypoxylon verruciperisporium |J.Fourn. et Lechat
||Hypoxylon vinaceobrunneum |K.S.Cruz & Cortez
||Hypoxylon vinosopulvinatum |Y.M.Ju, J.D.Rogers et H.M.Hsieh
||Hypoxylon virginianum |Lar.N.Vassiljeva et S.L.Stephenson
||Hypoxylon viridicolor |P.M.D.Martin
||Hypoxylon vitalii |Bat.
|卷边炭团菌 |Hypoxylon vogesiacum |(Pers. ex Curr.) Sacc.
|五指山炭团菌 |Hypoxylon wuzhishanense |Hai X. Ma & Z.K. Song, 2021
|云南炭团菌 |Hypoxylon yunnanense |Hai X.Ma, Lar.N.Vassiljeva et Yu Li
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附加圖片
File:2008-10-18_Hypoxylon_sp._Bull_26073.jpg|Hypoxylon sp.
File:Hypoxylon_Fragiforme.jpg|**'
File:Přírodní_park_Baba314.jpg|Hypoxylon fragiforme
File:Hypoxylon fragiforme & Dialonectria episphaeria 81209.jpg|*' (red beads) growing on Hypoxylon fragiforme*
File:Hypoxylon fragiforme & Dialonectria episphaeria 81240-2.jpg|Nectria episphaeria growing on Hypoxylon fragiforme

參考文獻