北美雲杉

北美雲杉Picea sitchensis;英語:Sitka spruce)是雲杉屬下的一種常綠喬木,是雲杉屬的兩個基位物種之一。這種雲杉高度可達100米,樹幹直徑超過五米,因此成為世界最高的雲杉和第五高的針葉樹(次於巨杉、加州紅木、考里松和西部紅杉)。

北美雲杉寿命绵长,有一些个体已超700岁。因为北美云杉生长速度极快,年轻的北美云杉一年就能长,不过在判断老年北美云杉时体大小并没有太大的意义。因其对环境要求不高且生长迅速,北美云杉多用作木料和造纸材料。

參考文獻
外部鏈接

*
Griffin, J. R. & Critchfield, W. B. 1976. Distribution of forest trees in California. USDA Forest Service Research Paper PSW-82*: 23–24, 75.
*Mitchell, A. 1978. Trees of Britain & Northern Europe. Collins Field Guide. HarperCollins. London.
*[http://www.conifers.org/pi/Picea_sitchensis.php Gymnosperm Database]
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500914 Flora of North America]
[http://www.pinetum.org/cones/PICEAcones.htm Arboretum de Villardebelle - photos of cones of Picea sitchensis* and related spruces]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100528122314/http://www.humboldt.edu/redwoods/photos/spruce.php Prof Stephen Sillett's webpage] with photos taken during canopy research.
*[http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/usda/amwood/265sitka.pdf Description of Sitka Spruce in forestry] (PDF) by US Department of Agriculture.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160912003546/http://www.capemeareslighthouse.org/html/octopus_tree.html Picea Sitchinesis 'Octopus tree']

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