4-硝基氯苯

{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477223140
| NameEn = 4-nitrochlorobenzene
| ImageFileL1 = 4-chloronitrobenzene.png
| ImageSizeL1 = 145
| ImageAltL1 = Skeletal formula of 4-nitrochlorobenzene
| ImageFileR1 = 4-Nitrochlorobenzene-3D-balls.png
| ImageSizeR1 = 105
| ImageAltR1 = Ball-and-stick model of the 4-nitrochlorobenzene molecule
| PIN = 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene
| OtherNames = p-硝基氯苯对硝基氯苯4-氯硝基苯对氯硝基苯PNCBO
|Section1=
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=6 | H=4 | O=2 | N=1 | Cl=1
| Appearance = 浅黄色固体
| Odor = 甜
| IDLH = Ca [100 mg/m3]

\mathrm{ClC_6H_5 + HNO_3 \rightarrow ClC_6H_4NO_2 + H_2O}

反应除了4位的化合物外，还会生成2位的异构体（2位：4位＝1：2）。异构体可以通过蒸馏分离。4-硝基氯苯最初由Holleman等人通过对4-氯溴苯的硝化制备。

参考文献