克鲁人

克鲁人（Kru或Kroo）是西非的一个民族，起源于东利比里亚，并逐渐沿西非海岸迁徙定居，包括塞拉利昂弗里敦、以及科特迪瓦、尼日利亚沿海区域。克鲁人以其在大西洋上导向和航行的能力而闻名。他们在西非沿海航行，不断提高其航海专长，以捕鱼和贸易为生。由于他们熟知西非海岸的内陆水体以及丰富的航行经验，贩奴船只以及负责拦截奴隶贸易的美国、英国战舰均选择雇佣他们担任水手、向导以及翻译。 前任总统埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫也有克鲁族血统。

参考资料
延伸阅读
*Baldwin, Lindley, Samuel Morris: Men of Faith Series, Bethany House Publishers, 1942;
*Behrens, Christine Les Kroumen de la Côte Occidentale d'Afrique, Bordeaux: Centre d'Etudes de Géographie Tropicale, 1974;
*Brooks, George, The Kru Mariner in the Nineteenth Century: A Historical Compendium, Newark,Del., 1972 (Liberian Studies Monograph Series no.1);
*Davis, Ronald, Ethnohistorical Studies on the Kru Coast, Newark, Del., 1976 (Liberian Studies Monograph Series no.5);
*Fraenkel, Merran, Tribe and Class in Monrovia, New York-London: OUP, 1964;
*Mekeel, Scudder, "Social Administration of the Kru: A Preliminary Survey", Africa 10 (1937) 75-96; 11 (460-68);
*Massing, Andreas W., The Economic Anthropology of the Kru, Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1980 (Studien zur Kulturkunde 55);
*Massing, Andreas W., Kru, in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History, vol.2, 306-309, New York, 2007;
*Schwartz, Alfred, Peuplement Autochthone et Immigration dans le Sud-Ouest Ivoirien, Abidjan: ORSTOM, 1973;
*Tauxier, Louis, Les Kroomen de la Forêt de Côte d'Ivoire, Paris: Larose, 1935;
*Zetterström, Kjell, Ethnographic Survey of Southeastern Liberia: Preliminary Report on the Kru, Robertsport: Centre of African Culture, 1969