季節性流感疫苗

{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields =
| verifiedrevid =
| type = 疫苗
| image = Defense.gov News Photo 041028-N-9864S-021.jpg
| caption = 美国海军人员接种疫苗

| tradename = Fluarix、Fluzone、others
| Drugs.com =
| target = 流感病毒
| vaccine_type =
| CAS_number = 1704512-59-3
| ATC_prefix = J07
| ATC_suffix = BB01
| ATC_supplemental =
| PubChem =
| ChemSpiderID_Ref =
| ChemSpiderID =
| DrugBank_Ref =
| DrugBank =
| pregnancy_AU =
| pregnancy_US = C對65歲以上的長者，目前證據較缺乏。平均來說，他們可以減少半日因病而上班必須請假的狀況。有打疫苗的孩童，可以保護他們周遭的人。尤其是孕婦、六個月大至五歲的孩童、有慢性疾病者、美洲原住民、以及醫療相關人員。

分類
流感疫苗多分为：（裂解）灭活疫苗（IIV）及裂解亚单位疫苗。灭活疫苗（含灭活全病毒、灭活裂解、裂解亚单位三个子类）最为常用，又分为三价与四价剂型。

其中，对于流感的灭活疫苗是用灭活剂来处理在鸡蛋或细胞培养物中制备的野生型病毒。如果季节性疫苗所包含的病毒在抗原上与最终流行的病毒非常匹配，灭活疫苗通常可以预防一半以上的严重流感相关的疾病。然而，这些人群应禁止接种该疫苗2010年起H1N1株被改为“pandemic系”，2022年为人6B.1a.5a.2系。 !! H3N2甲流
!演化支 !! 乙流Victoria株
!演化支 !! 乙流山形株
|-
| November 1998–April 1999 || rowspan="2" | A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1)-like virus
| rowspan="12" |未谱系
| rowspan="2" | || rowspan="2" | A/Sydney/5/97 (H3N2)-like virus
| || N/A
| || B/Beijing/184/93-like virus
|-
| November 1999–April 2000
| || B/Shangdong/7/97-like virus
| || B/Beijing/184/93-like virus
|-
| 2000–2001 || rowspan="7" | A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1)-like virus
| rowspan="7" | || rowspan="4" | A/Moscow/10/99 (H3N2)-like virus
| || N/A
| || B/Beijing/184/93-like virus
|-
| 2001–2002
| || N/A
| || B/Sichuan/379/99-like virus
|-
| 2002–2003
| || B/Hong Kong/330/2001-like virus
| || N/A
|-
| 2003–2004
| || B/Hong Kong/330/2001-like virus
| || N/A
|-
| 2004–2005 || A/Fujian/411/2002 (H3N2)-like virus
| || N/A
| || B/Shanghai/361/2002-like virus
|-
| 2005–2006 || A/California/7/2004 (H3N2)-like virus
| || N/A
| || B/Shanghai/361/2002-like virus
|-
| 2006–2007 || rowspan="2" | A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2)-like virus
| || B/Malaysia/2506/2004-like virus
| || N/A
|-
| 2007–2008 || A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 (H1N1)-like virus
|
| || B/Malaysia/2506/2004-like virus
| || N/A
|-
| 2008–2009 || rowspan="2" | A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1)-like virus
| rowspan="2" | 1B.2.1|| rowspan="2" | A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2)-like virus
| rowspan="2" | || N/A
| || B/Florida/4/2006-like virus
|-
| 2009–2010 || rowspan="9" | B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus
| rowspan="9" | || N/A
|-
| 2010–2011 || A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)-like virus
| rowspan="7" |(0)
| rowspan="7" | 1A.3.3.2 || A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)-like virus
| || N/A
|-
| 2012–2013 || A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus || A/Victoria/361/2011 (H3N2)-like virus
| || B/Wisconsin/1/2010-like virus
|-
| 2013–2014 || A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09
| || rowspan="2" | B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like virus
|-
| 2014–2015 || A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09
|
|-
| 2015–2016 || A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09 || A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09 || A/Michigan/45/2015 (H1N1)pdm09
| rowspan="2" |6B.1
| rowspan="11" | 不再使用
|-
| 2018–2019 || A/Michigan/45/2015 (H1N1)pdm09 || A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1)pdm09 || A/Guangdong-Maonan/SWL1536/2019 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus || A/Victoria/2570/2019 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus || A/Victoria/2570/2019 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus || A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2)-like virus
| rowspan="4" |3C.2a1b.2a.2a || rowspan="4" | B/Austria/1359417/2021 (B/Victoria lineage)-like virus
| rowspan="4" |V1A.3a.2
|-
| 2022–2023 cell- or recombinant-based vaccines || A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus
| rowspan="2" |6B.1A.5a.2a.1|| A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2)-like virus
|-
| 2023–2024 cell- or recombinant-based vaccines它被列在世界衛生組織基本藥物標準清單，即其建議之對基礎健康照護系統最重要的藥物。在2014年，其批發價約5.25美元。在美國，則是少於25美元。

參考