自2003年联军入侵以来，伊拉克的人权问题再一次受到国际的长期关注和持续性的争议。有消息人士指出美国领导的联军和伊拉克政府对反叛分子的镇压措施十分值得关注。美国政府正在对其军队和军火承包商在一些事件中违反国际和国内标准的行为的指控进行调查。英国也对它的军事力量进行侵犯人权的行为的指控进行调查。在2009年2月底，美国国务院发布了一份关于伊拉克人权状况的报告，回顾过去一年（2008年）伊拉克的人权状况。[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/nea/119116.htm]
反叛分子侵犯人权的行为
伊拉克的反叛势力和恐怖分子被指控暴力侵犯人权，其中一些被证实，而一些人指出还有更多，包括：
2003年
8月
联合国在巴格达的办事处在2003年8月遭到炸弹爆炸恐怖袭击，一位联合国人权事务高级专员Vieira de Mello遇害。同时还有22名联合国工作人员死亡，超过100人受伤。遇难者中还包括一位世界卫生组织（WHO）负责对外关系和管理机构的前执行董事Nadia Younes。联合国秘书长科菲·安南谴责此次恐怖袭击，联合国安理会亦一并谴责。
2004年
6月
韩国翻译金善日被阿布·穆萨布·扎卡维的追随者斩首。
7月
认主学和基地组织斩首保加利亚卡车司机Ivaylo Kepov和Georgi Lazov，半岛电视台播出含有斩首过程的录像带，但实际上大部分都是图像和声音而已。
12月
52岁的意大利摄影师Salvatore Santoro被斩首，斩首录像被释出。伊拉克圣战者伊斯兰运动宣称对此负责。
7月
*据报道，有两名阿尔及利亚外交官，在伊拉克被基地组织杀害。基地组织在伊拉克发布的一份网上声明承认，已经杀死这两名被绑架的阿尔及利亚外交官，Ali Belaroussi和Azzedine Belkadi。“组织已经决定执行上帝在伊拉克的判决，将来自阿尔及利亚的两名外交官视为叛徒......并下令杀死他们。”。
*据报道，有埃及外交官在伊拉克被枪杀。在伊拉克的基地组织分部在网络论坛发布的一份声明中承认杀死埃及外交官al-Sherif。当地最具威望的逊尼派人士穆罕默德·坦塔维谴责杀害行为为“反宗教式的犯罪，践踏道德和人性，背离了骑士精神和荣誉感”。
2006年
2月
22日凌晨6:55，在伊斯兰教什叶派圣地之一，巴格达西北约100公里的——伊拉克城市萨迈拉的阿斯卡里清真寺发生爆炸事件。虽然在爆炸中没有人员伤亡，但随后几天发生的爆炸造成了暴力事件。二月二十三日，发现了100具满布弹孔的尸体。其后至少8人死亡。
6月
在一组名为“圣战者协商会议释放人质视频”的影像中，四名俄罗斯外交官在伊拉克被绑架。
人权现状
已经有众多的人权组织和什叶派官员批评，逊尼派绑架、折磨和杀害什叶派或那些他们认为是敌人的人群。国际特赦组织批评伊拉克政府的司法系统在瓦利德·尤尼斯·艾哈迈德主导下，在伊拉克库尔德地区关押了许多土库曼裔记者长达10年而从未经过起诉或审判。
教派战争
伊拉克各宗派的纷争使伊拉克一直处于内战的状态。各类逊尼派宗教团体以及民兵组织参与了大大小小的爆炸案和对政府各级官员的暗杀，以及对什叶派和较小的宗教少数派的暴力侵略。世俗导向的主体，伊拉克新政府的官员，驻伊拉克的外国官员，不同宗教、民族的社会集群、家庭和个人都受到不同程度的暴力侵犯和死亡威胁。
对难民生命的威胁
由于各类谋杀和死亡威胁的原因，2000000名伊拉克人民已经离开伊拉克。他们主要去了叙利亚、约旦和埃及。
参见
- 美军占领伊拉克
- 美军虐待伊拉克战俘事件
- 美国的人权纪录
- 宗教战争
参考资料
外部链接
一般人权
- [http://hrw.org/campaigns/iraq/#Anfal] Human Rights Watch: Background on the Crisis in Iraq (a contents page for the organization's various reports on Iraq, mostly after Saddam's regime fell)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091219131236/http://www.iauiraq.org/ Iraq Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit] Reports, Maps and Assessments of Iraq's Governorates from the UN Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit
- [http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61689.htm] U.S. Department of State Country Report on Human Rights Practices: Iraq, 2005 (released March 8, 2006)
- [http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=22&country=6983&year=2006] Freedom House 2006 report on Iraq
酷刑
*
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060101035721/http://www.thememoryhole.org/war/iraqis_tortured/ Pictures of the abuse by US soldiers], courtesy of The Memory Hole. Note that the full set of pictures has not been released, including the rape of a young Iraqi by a military contractor.
*
[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,3604,967472,00.html The Guardian: Soldier arrested over Iraqi torture photos* (May 31, 2003)]
[http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A25762-2004Mar3?language=printer Washington Post: 'Torture Lite' Takes Hold in War on Terror* (March 3, 2004)]
[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2004%2F04%2F11%2Fwtact11.xml US tactics condemned by British officers* (April 21, 2004)] (Daily Telegraph)
[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/04/27/60II/main614063.shtml CBS 60 minutes II: Abuse Of Iraqi POWs By GIs Probed* (April 29, 2004)]
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3672117.stm BBC: US acts after Iraq prisoner abuse*, (30 April 2004)]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3677311.stm Doubt cast on Iraq torture photos (May 2, 2004)] (BBC)
*[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/1460886/13-reasons-why-this-picture-may-not-be-all-it-seems.html 13 reasons why this picture may not be all it seems (May 2, 2004)] (Daily Telegraph)
[http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/allnews/tm_objectid=14205311&method=full&siteid=50143&headline=this-is-not-a-hoax--i-saw-it--i-was-there-name_page.html This Is Not A Hoax. I Saw It, I Was There* (Answers to some of the objections; May 3, 2004)] (The Daily Mirror) [https://web.archive.org/web/20080604004728/http://www.libertyforum.org/showflat.php?Number=1454540 (Alternative link)]
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,1211509,00.html A third UK soldier steps up (May 7, 2004)] (The Guardian)
[http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/allnews/tm_objectid=14243092&method=full&siteid=50143&headline=we-were-hoaxed--we-ve-admitted-our-mistake---now-what-about-all-yours--name_page.html Mirror* admits it was "hoaxed" (May 15, 2004)] (The Daily Mirror)
*[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/storydisplay.cfm?storyID=3566592&thesection=news&thesubsection=world Two Danish physicians attest to British abuse (May 15, 2004)] (New Zealand Herald)
*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A43783-2004May20?language=printer New Details of Prison Abuse Emerge (May 21, 2004)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130801090503/http://bgnewsnet.com/story.php?lang=en&sid=7075&PHPSESSID=a7e8706d99af0af80b5783bb6ab2e893 Report: Army doctors involved in Abu Ghraib abuse] (2004-08-20) (Reuters)
[https://web.archive.org/web/20071115051120/http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=04%2F09%2F14%2F1351212 Chain of Command: The Road from 9/11 to Abu Ghraib] - Interview with Seymour Hersh by Democracy Now!* on September 14, 2004.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061002140043/http://www.ifex.org/en/content/view/full/59038/ Journalists Among Those Abused by US Troops] (IFEX)
*[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2004/41722.htm U.S. State Department on Iraq Human rights in 2004 (released 2005)] Country Reports on Human Rights Practices section on Iraq. 460 KB in size for the Iraq portion alone. HTML. One page. No pictures, all English text.
- [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/23/opinion/23mon1.html?ex=1270785600&en=37bef79604f97228&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland Editorial: Patterns of Abuse] , New York Times, May 23, 2005
- [http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/KHA849841.htm UN raises alarm on death squads and torture in Iraq] (Reuters, September 8, 2005)
- [http://www.guardian.co.uk/frontpage/story/0,,1682246,00.html US Troops Seize Award-Winning Iraqi Journalist] , The Guardian, January 9, 2006
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20080820050215/http://www.thanksjoedarby.com/ Thank You Joe Darby] – A site for expressions of support for Joe Darby, the soldier that exposed the graphic photos and video and brought the Abu Ghraib prison scandal to light.
- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4642596.stm Iraq general's killer reprimanded] , BBC, January 24, 2006
- [http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-abuse25jan25,0,4530365.story?coll=la-headlines-nation Mild Penalties in Military Abuse Cases], Los Angeles Times, January 25, 2006
敢死队
*, Newsweek, January 14, 2005
*[http://www.realcities.com/mld/krwashington/news/special_packages/iraq/13890272.htm Sunni men in Baghdad targeted by attackers in police uniforms] , Knight Ridder, June 28, 2005
*[http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-10/08/content_483184.htm 539 Bodies Found in Iraq Since April] , AP, October 7, 2005
*[http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/meast/11/27/iraq.allawi/index.html Ex-PM: Abuse as bad as Saddam era] , CNN, November 27, 2005
*[http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-death29nov29,0,3364549,full.story?coll=la-home-headlines Killings Linked to Shiite Squads in Iraqi Police Force] , LA Times, November 29, 2005
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060418132739/http://www.commondreams.org/headlines05/1129-08.htm Sunnis Accuse Iraqi Military of Kidnappings and Slayings], NY Times, November 29, 2005
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060516215057/http://www.commondreams.org/headlines06/0226-01.htm Iraq's Death Squads: On the Brink of Civil War], The Independent, February 26, 2006
*[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/26/international/middleeast/26bodies.html?ex=1301029200&en=dd87edf07e0bbc1c&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Bound, Blindfolded and Dead: The Face of Revenge in Baghdad] , NY Times, March 26, 2006
*[http://www.boston.com/news/world/articles/2006/04/02/iraq_militias_wave_of_death/ Iraq militias' wave of death] , Boston Globe, April 2, 2006
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