爪哇字母是一種元音附標文字,印度尼西亞傳統文字之一。主要用於書寫爪哇語,亦可用於書寫巽他語、馬都拉語及馬來語等毗鄰語言及卡維文、梵文等當地古典語言,在爪哇語中稱做()或依首五個字母稱做()。
從公元十五世紀中葉到二十世紀中葉期間,爪哇文曾被用作日常書寫及文學創作的媒介,甚至被拉丁字母取代為止。雖然當今印度尼西亞日惹特區、中爪哇、東爪哇等省份的學校皆有教授爪哇文,但此書寫系統在日常生活中早已式微。
爪哇文隸屬婆羅米字母系統,有二十至三十三個字母,而且每個字母(aksara)自帶可以上加符號改變的/a/或/ɔ/元音。
Unicode
爪哇字母於2009年10月加入Unicode標準,碼位範圍為。
外部連結
數位資料
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/ British Library manuscript collection]
- [http://khastara.perpusnas.go.id/ National Library of Indonesia manuscript collection]
- [https://www.sastra.org/katalog Yayasan Sastra Lestari manuscript collection]
- [https://widyapustaka.webnode.com/paugeran/ Widyapustaka references collection]
數位化文本
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Sloane_MS_1403E A debt written on a piece of lontar] (1708) British Library collection no. Sloane MS 1403E
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=MSS_Jav_36 Babad Mataram and Babad ing Sangkala] (1738) koleksi British Library no. MSS Jav 36
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=0&ref=MSS_Malay_A_3 A Malay-Javanese-Maduran language word list] from early 19th ce, British Library collection no. MSS Malay A 3
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=0&ref=Add_MS_12341 An assortment of documents from the Kraton of Yogyakarta] (1786–1812) British Library collection no. Add Ms 12341
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=0&ref=Or_15932 Papakem Pawukon] from Bupati Sepuh Demak of Bogor (1814) British Library collection no. Or 15932
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_12337 Wejangan Hamengkubuwana I] (1812) British Library collection no. Add MS 12337
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=0&ref=Add_MS_45273 Raffles Paper - vol III] (1816) a collection of Letters received by Raffles from the rules of the Malay archipelago, British Library collection no. Add MS 45273
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=0&ref=MSS_Jav_24 Serat Jaya Lengkara Wulang] (1803) British Library collection no. MSS Jav 24
- [https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=MSS_Jav_28 Serat Selarasa] (1804) British Library collection no. MSS Jav 28
- [http://khastara.perpusnas.go.id/web/detail/335633/usana Usana Bali] (1870) a Javanese copy of a Balinese lontar of the same title, National Library of Indonesia collection no. CS 152
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=0hm2yOwsEgkC Dongèng-dongèng Pieuntengen] (1867) a collection of Sundanese tales written in the Javanese script compiled by Muhammad Musa
其它資料
- [http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3319.pdf Unicode proposal for the Javanese script]
- [http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3319.pdf Unicode documentation for the behavior of KERET diacritic]
- [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17038-cakra.pdf Unicode documentation for the behavior of CAKRA diacritic]
- [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2019/19083-javanese-pengkal.pdf Unicode documentation for the behavior of PENGKAL diacritic]
- [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2019/19003-javanese-tolong.pdf Unicode documentation for the behavior of TOLONG diacritic]
- [https://blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-african/javanese/ British Library Asian-African Studies blog, Javanese topic]
- [https://bennylin.github.io/transliterasijawa/ Javanese script transliterator by Benny Lin]
*[https://hana.pages.dev/ Hana - Javanese Script Transliterator by Dan]
- Download Javanese fonts in [https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/main-page Tuladha Jejeg] , [https://aksaradinusantara.com/fonta/aksara/jawa Aksara di Nusantara] , or [https://www.google.com/get/noto/ Google Noto]
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