費爾南·佩雷茲·德·安德拉德船長或Fernão Perez de Andrade,),葡萄牙商人及官員。他於满剌加總督及探險家阿方索·德·阿尔布克尔克旗下效力。
生平
安篤拉篤與明朝於1517年(明正德十二年八月)的交涉,得到两广总督陈金许可进入广州;不久这批包括安篤拉篤的葡萄牙人被明朝命令驱逐。这次交涉為近代中國與近代歐洲接觸的開端。由拉斐尔·佩雷斯特雷洛前往广州贸易后带回的报告后,安德拉德决定改变原先前往孟加拉的计划,改道中国为开拓葡中之间的贸易和外交往来但当使者。他被稱為「佛朗機」(Folangji)。在明朝的史籍中,外語「Folangji」一詞來自另一個詞「Franques」——一個來自回教徒對歐洲人的稱呼。
費爾南之弟是。
參見
*屯門海戰
*澳門歷史
備註
#:香港電台廣播節目《中華五千年第四百八十六集·佛郎機東來》当中費爾南·佩雷茲·德·安德拉德船長以粤语翻译作甲必丹·費南·佩剌·安篤拉篤。《明史》有「佛郎機,近滿剌加。正德中,據滿剌加地,逐其王。十三年遣使臣加必丹末等貢方物,請封,始知其名。」的記載。
#:有的文獻翻譯成佛芒·佩雷玆·德·安德拉德。
#:1911年版大英百科全書写作Fernão Pires de Andrade。
#:香港電台廣播節目《中華五千年第四百八十六集·佛郎機東來》。節目提及佩雷斯、火者亞三、安德拉德、兩廣總督陳大人等人,滿剌加、屯門等地。
延伸阅读
Brook, Timothy. (1998). Commerce and Culture in Ming China*. Berkeley: University of California Press. (Paperback).
Dames, Mansel Longworth. (2002) The Book of Duarte Barbosa*. New Delhi: J. Jelley; Asian Educational Services.
Dion, Mark. "Sumatra through Portuguese Eyes: Excerpts from João de Barros' 'Decadas da Asia'," Indonesia* (Volume 9, 1970): 128–162.
Douglas, Robert Kennaway. (2006). Europe and the Far East*. Adamant Media Corporation. .
Madureira, Luis. "Tropical Sex Fantasies and the Ambassador's Other Death: The Difference in Portuguese Colonialism," Cultural Critique* (Number 28; Fall of 1994): 149–173.
Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology; the Gunpowder Epic*. Taipei: Caves Books Ltd.
Nowell, Charles E. "The Discovery of the Pacific: A Suggested Change of Approach," The Pacific Historical Review* (Volume XVI, Number 1; February, 1947): 1–10.
Williams, S. Wells. (1897). A History of China: Being the Historical Chapters From "The Middle Kingdom"*. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
- Wills, John E., Jr. (1998). "Relations with Maritime Europe, 1514–1662," in The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 2, 333–375. Edited by Denis Twitchett and Frederick W. Mote. New York: Cambridge University Press. .
Wolff, Robert S. "Da Gama's Blundering: Trade Encounters in Africa and Asia during the European 'Age of Discovery,' 1450-1520," The History Teacher* (Volume 31, Number 3; May 1998): 297–318.
外部連結
*[http://inquiryunlimited.org/timelines/histSpPortAf.html Portugal, Spain, Africa and Asia contact]
评论 (0)