先行詞(上行語,)是指能賦予其他代詞具體意義的字詞、短語、從句。代詞可從其先行詞得出它的具體意義,例如英語句子:"Susan arrived late because traffic held her up."(蘇珊來遲了,因為交通狀況延遲了她的行程)。代詞"her"(她)表明為"Susan"(蘇珊)且其含義也來自"蘇珊",所以蘇珊是"her"(她)的"先行詞"。代詞通常跟隨在他們的先行詞的後面,但有時它們在先行詞前面。
注释
參考文獻
*Carnie, A. 2013. Syntax: A generative introduction. 3rd edition. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
*Crystal, D. 1997. A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. 4th edition. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
*Radford, A. 2004. English syntax: An introduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
*Tesnière, L. 1969. Éléments de syntaxe structurale, 2nd edition. Klincksieck, Paris.
參見
*代詞語式(Proform)
*關係子句
*句法範疇(Syntactic category)
*下指語(Cataphora/cataphor)
*(postcedent)
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