{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2013年德国联邦议院选举
| country = 德国
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 2009年德国联邦议院选举
| previous_year = 2009
| next_election = 2017年德国联邦议院选举
| next_year = 2017
| seats_for_election = 联邦议院631个议席
316席构成多数席位
| election_date = 2013年9月22日
| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the German federal election, 2013
| colour2 = E3000F
| colour1 = 151518
| colour5 = 409A3C
| colour4 = BE3075
| image1 =
| leader1 = 安格拉·默克爾
| leader_since1 = 2000年4月10日
| party1 = 基民盟/基社盟
| leaders_seat1 = Stralsund – Nordvorpommern – Rügen
| last_election1 = 239席,33.8%
| seats_before1 =
| seats1 = 311席
| seat_change1 = 72
| popular_vote1 =
| percentage1 = 41.5%
| swing1 = 7.7%
| image2 =
| leader2 = 施泰因布呂克
| leader_since2 = 2012年9月28日
(as chancellor candidate)
| party2 = 德国社会民主党
| leaders_seat2 = 北莱茵-威斯特法伦(名單)
| last_election2 = 146席,23.0%
| seats_before2 =
| seats2 =192席
| seat_change2 = 46
| popular_vote2 =
| percentage2 = 25.7%
| swing2 = 2.7%
| image4 =
| leader4 = 卡提亚·基平和贝尔恩德·里克辛尔
| leader_since4 = 2012年6月2日
| party4 = 左翼党 (德国)
| leaders_seat4 = 萨克森(名單)
―
(2009年未有參選)
| last_election4 = 76席,11.9%
| seats_before4 =
| seats4 =64席
| seat_change4 = 12
| popular_vote4 =
| percentage4 = 8.6%
| swing4 = 3.3%
| image5 =
| leader5 = Katrin Göring-Eckardt与Jürgen Trittin
| leader_since5 = 2012年11月10日 (as top candidates)
| party5 = 联盟90/绿党
| leaders_seat5 = 图林根(名單)
―
下萨克森(名單)
| last_election5 = 68席,10.7%
| seats_before5 =
| seats5 =63席
| seat_change5 = 5
| popular_vote5 =
| percentage5 = 8.4%
| swing5 = 2.3%
| map_image = German_Federal_Election_2013_-_Results_By_Constituency.svg
| map_size = 400px
| map_caption = 左側顯示選區中候選人票勝出者以代表政黨顏色顯示,右側顯示各州政黨比例代表席次
。
| poll1_date =
| poll1_source = Emnid
選舉結果,执政的基民盟/基社盟共获得311席,維持第一大黨地位,並擴大優勢,只差五席便可單獨執政。最大在野党社会民主党获得192席,左派党和绿党分别获得64席和63席,默克尔将蝉联总理职位。由于原执政伙伴自由民主党遭遇历史性惨败,只获得4.8%支持票,达不到进入议会所需的5%门槛,使联盟党(基民盟/基社盟)需要寻找与其他政党聯合执政,或組建少數政府。
背景
在2009年德国联邦议院选举中,执政的右派基民盟成功维持第一大党地位,时任总理梅克尔获得连任;而左派的德国社民党则面临二战后最严重的败选,并确定退出现行的大联合政府重新成为在野党。
联邦议院任期一般是四年,经单一选区两票制选出,其中一半由选民直接选出,另外一半是由选民投票给政党,政党再把议院席位分配给本党议员。获得选票低于5%的政党没有资格获得分配席位。
过程
本次选举德国共有6200万合格选民,其中71.5%的选民(4400万人)参加了投票。
结果
现任总理默克尔领导的基民盟联合姊妹党基社盟赢得41.5%的选票,最大在野党社民党得票率25.7%,绿党得票率8.4%,自民党得票率4.8%;基民盟在本届选举中获得了自1990年以来的最好结果。
2013年德国联邦议院选举结果
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" align="center"| 政党
! align="center" colspan="5" | 选区得票
! align="center" colspan="5" | 政党得票
! align="center" colspan="5" | 总共议席
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
! align="center" | 得票
! align="center" | %
! align="center" | +/−
! align="center" | 议席
! align="center" | +/−
! align="center" | 得票
! align="center" | %
! align="center" | +/−
! align="center" | 议席
! align="center" | +/−
! align="center" | 议席
! align="center" | +/−
! align="center" | %
|- align="right"
| width=3 |
| align="left" | 基督教民主联盟 (CDU)
| 16,225,769
| 37.2
| +5.2
| 190
| +17
| 14,913,921
| 34.1
| +6.9
| 65
| +44
| 255
| +61
| 40.5
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left"| 社会民主党 (SPD)
| 12,835,933
| 29.4
| +1.5
| 58
| -5
| 11,247,283
| 25.7
| +2.7
| 135
| +51
| 193
| +46
| 30.5
|- align="right"
| bgcolor="#AA0000" |
| align="left" | 左派党 (DIE LINKE)
| 3,583,050
| 8.2
| -2.9
| 4
| -12
| 3,752,577
| 8.6
| -3.3
| 60
| ±0
| 64
| -12
| 10.2
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 绿党 (GRÜNE)
| 3,177,269
| 7.3
| -1.9
| 1
| ±0
| 3,690,314
| 8.4
| -2.3
| 62
| -5
| 63
| -5
| 10.0
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 拜仁基督教社会联盟 (CSU)
| 3,543,733
| 8.1
| +0.7
| 45
| ±0
| 3,243,335
| 7.4
| +0.9
| 11
| +11
| 56
| +11
| 8.9
|-
|colspan="15" style="background: #C0C0C0"|
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 自由民主党 (FDP)
| 1,028,322
| 2.4
| -7.1
| 0
| ±0
| 2,082,305
| 4.8
| -9.8
| 0
| -93
| 0
| -93
| 0
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 德國新選項黨 (AfD)
| 809,817
| 1.9
| +1.9
| 0
| ±0
| 2,052,372
| 4.7
| +4.7
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 海盗党 (PIRATEN)
| 962,946
| 2.2
| +2.1
| 0
| ±0
| 958,507
| 2.2
| +0.2
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 国家民主党 (NPD)
| 634,842
| 1.5
| −0.3
| 0
| ±0
| 560,660
| 1.3
| −0.2
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 人類、環境與動物福利黨
| 4,415
| 0.0
| +0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 140,251
| 0.3
| -0.2
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
| |
| align="left" | 共和党 (REP)
| 27,279
| 0.1
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 91,660
| 0.2
| −0.2
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | 生态民主党 (ödp)
| 128,158
| 0.3
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 127,085
| 0.3
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | 家庭党 (FAMILIE)
| 4,476
| 0.0
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 7,451
| 0.0
| −0.3
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" |
| 5,335
| 0.0
| -0.1
| 0
| ±0
| 8,851
| 0.0
| -0.2
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | (RENTNER)
| 919
| 0.0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 25,190
| 0.1
| -0.1
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | 拜仁党 (BP)
| 28,336
| 0.1
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 57,285
| 0.1
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | Party of Bible-abiding Christians (PBC)
| 2,070
| 0.0
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 18,529
| 0.0
| −0.1
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | Civil Rights Movement Solidarity (BüSo)
| 18,039
| 0.0
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 13,131
| 0.0
| -0.1
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | (DIE VIOLETTEN)
| 2,500
| 0.0
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 8,248
| 0.0
| -0.1
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | Marxist Leninist Party (MLPD)
| 12,986
| 0.0
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 25,336
| 0.1
| ±0.0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | (Volksabstimmung)
| 1,748
| 0.0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 28,667
| 0.1
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | 社会平等党 (PSG)
| –
| –
| –
| –
| –
| 4,840
| 0.0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- align="right"
|
| align="left" | 独立人士
| 131,873
| 0.3
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 143,462
| 0.3
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
| ±0
| 0
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right"
| align="left" colspan="2" | 有效票
| 43,601,224
| 98.4
| +0.2
| 299
| ±0
| 43,702,474
| 98.7
| +0.1
| 331
| +8
| 631
| +8
| ±0
|- align="right"
| colspan="2" | 无效票
| 688,428
| 1.6
| -0.1
|
|
| 587,178
| 1.3
| -0.1
|
|
|
|
|
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="right"
| align="left" colspan="2" | 投票数(投票率:71.5%)
| 44,289,652
| 100.0
|
|
|
| 44,289,652
| 100.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
各邦當選比例
第二票 ("Zweitstimme", 名單比例)
.]]
参见
- 梅克爾菱形
参考资料
外部链接
- [http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/en/index.html Official voting results from the Federal Returning Officer]
- [http://www.spiegel.de/flash/flash-21034.html Spiegel Online Poll Barometer]
- [http://www.pollytix.eu/pollytix-german-election-trend Opinion poll tracker with graph and daily average (in English)]
- [http://www.wahlrecht.de/umfragen/index.htm Opinion poll tracker with data]
- [http://www.sonntagsfrage-aktuell.de/ Opinion poll tracker with graph and weekly average]
- [http://www.bei-der-wahl-am.de/en/german-elections-for-the-bundestag-candidates/ The Candidates]
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