叙马库斯(),()。古罗马政治家、演说家以及文学家。出生于贵族家庭,后参加教会事务,并开始进行文学创作,以此获得了巨额财富。他的作品传世至今,反映了公元4世纪中期至公元5世纪初期混乱的欧洲状况。
参考
扩展阅读
- Q. Aurelii Symmachi quae supersunt, ed. by Otto Seeck (Berlin, 1883; reprinted Munich, 2001), ISBN 3-921575-19-2. All surviving writings of Symmachus: letters, speeches and official reports, in the original Latin. This volume is Volume 6 of the series Monumenta Germaniae Historica. The letters are also published in a supplementary volume XIII in the Patrologia Latina. More recently, Symmaque: Lettres, ed. by Jean-Pierre Callu in four volumes (Paris, 1972–2002) published by Les Belles Lettres contains the letters of Symmachus in Latin with facing-page French translation. This has the fullest text and translation.
- Richard Klein: Symmachus. Eine tragische Gestalt des ausgehenden Heidentums. Darmstadt (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft [Impulse der Forschung, Band 2]) 1971, ISBN 3-534-04928-4.
- Richard Klein: Der Streit um den Victoriaaltar. Darmstadt (WBG [Texte zur Forschung Band 7]) 1972, ISBN 3-534-05169-6.
- J.F. Matthews, "The Letters of Symmachus" in Latin Literature of the Fourth Century (edited by J.W. Binns), pp. 58–99. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974, discusses them.
- J.F. Matthews, Western Aristocracies and Imperial Court, AD 364-425. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990. ISBN 0-19-814499-7
- Cristiana Sogno, Q. Aurelius Symmachus: A Political Biography. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006. ISBN 978-0-472-11529-7
外部链接
*[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/ambrose-sym.html Symmachus's letter on behalf the Senate, petitioning the three emperors], at Medieval Sourcebook
*[http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/sym-amb/ambrepf.html Ambrose, Epistle xvii and xviii]
*[http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost04/Symmachus/sym_re03.html Relatio III of Symmachus], in Latin
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070222084051/http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Symmachus_(Family) Encyclopaedia Britannica* 1911:] "Symmachus (Family)"
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