约翰·威廉·沃特豪斯

约翰·威廉·沃特豪斯（，），英国新古典主义與前拉斐尔派畫家。以其用鲜明色彩和神秘的画风描绘古典神话与传说中的女性人物而闻名于世。

生平
沃特豪斯出生在教皇國罗马（今屬意大利），1849年4月6日受洗，出生日期不明，据信可能為1月1日至23日間。小时候他取了一个意大利语外号叫“尼诺”（Nino）。父母亦为英格蘭画家，原为了追求艺术理想而居住于意大利，后来沃特豪斯五岁时随父母返回英国。

沃特豪斯早年在父亲的美术工作室学绘画与雕塑，1870年进入伦敦皇家艺术学院。他初期作品已显现出他后半生画古典题材的一贯作风，在皇家艺术学院，英国艺术家协会等艺术展览颇受欢迎。1874年他以一幅《睡眠和他的异母／异父兄弟死亡》参与皇家艺术学院的夏季展览会获得好评，以后他的作品每年参加皇家艺术学院的展览会。

1883年他与一位美术学校校长的女儿结婚，后生两孩子，都死于难产。他妻子也是曾经在皇家艺术学院的展览会上有参展作品的画家。绘画之余沃特豪斯从事美术教学工作，任过皇家艺术学院委员会委员，而加入各种艺术协会。他1917年死于癌症，因此自1915年開始繪製的奧菲莉亞系列作品也沒能完成。死後他葬于倫敦的肯薩爾綠野公墓。

作品
他一共创作了118幅画。

1870年代
Image:Ondine (Waterhouse).jpg|Undine
1872
Image:Gone_But_Not_Forgotten_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg|Gone, But Not Forgotten
1873
Image:John William Waterhouse- The Unwelcome Companion - a Street Scene in Cairo.JPG|The Unwelcome Companion--A Street Scene in Cairo
1873
Image:La_Fileuse_-_John_William_Waterhouse.jpg|La Fileuse
1874
Image:Peristyle.jpg|In the Peristyle
1874
Image:Miranda - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Miranda
1875
Image:John William Waterhouse - A Sick Child brought into the Temple of Aesculapius (1877).jpg|A Sick Child brought into the Temple of Aesculapius
1877
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Remorse of the Emperor Nero after the Murder of his Mother.JPG|The Remorse of the Emperor Nero after the Murder of his Mother
1878

1880年代
Image:John William Waterhouse - Dolce Far Niente (1880).jpg|Dolce far Niente
1880
Image:Waterhouse-Diogenes.jpg|Diogenes
1882
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Favorites of the Emperor Honorius - 1883.jpg|The Favorites of the Emperor Honorius
1883
File:John William Waterhouse - Consulting the Oracle - Christie's.jpg|Consulting the Oracle
1884
Image:John William Waterhouse - Saint Eulalia - 1885.jpg|Saint Eulalia
1885
Image:John William Waterhouse - Magic Circle.JPG|Magic Circle
1886
Image:John William Waterhouse-Mariamne Leaving the Judgement Seat of Herod-1887.jpg|Mariamne Leaving the Judgement Seat of Herod
1887
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Lady of Shalott - Google Art Project edit.jpg|The Lady of Shalott
1888
Image:Cleopatra - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Cleopatra
1888
Image:JWW Ophelia 1889.jpg|Ophelia
1889

1890年代
File:A Roman Offering - JWW.jpg|A Roman Offering
1890
File:Circe Offering the Cup to Odysseus.jpg|Circe Offering the Cup to Odysseus
1891
File:WATERHOUSE - Ulises y las Sirenas (National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, 1891. Óleo sobre lienzo, 100.6 x 202 cm).jpg|Ulysses and the Sirens
1891
File:JohnWilliamWaterhouse-Danaë(1892).jpg|Danaë
1892
File:J. W. Waterhouse - Circe Invidiosa - Google Art Project.jpg|Circe Invidiosa
1892
File:John William Waterhouse - A Naiad or Hylas with a Nymph, 1893.jpg|A Naiad or Hylas with a Nymph
1893
File:John William Waterhouse - La Belle Dame sans Merci (1893).jpg|La Belle Dame sans Merci
1893
File:A Female Study - John William Waterhouse.jpg|A Female Study
1894
File:The Lady of Shalott Looking at Lancelot.jpg|The Lady of Shalott Looking at Lancelot
1894
File:John William Waterhouse - Ophelia (1894).jpg|Ophelia
1894
File:John William Waterhouse - The Shrine.JPG|The Shrine
1895
File:Waterhouse, John William - Saint Cecilia - 1895.jpg|Saint Cecilia
1895
File:Pandora - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Pandora
1896
File:John William Waterhouse - Hylas and the Nymphs (1896).jpg|海拉斯和宁芙水仙们 1896
File:John William Waterhouse - Juliet.jpg|Juliet
1898

1900年代
Image:The Siren.jpg|The Siren
circa 1900
Image:Destiny - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Destiny
1900
Image:The Lady Clare.jpg|The Lady Clare
1900
Image:Nymphs finding the Head of Orpheus.jpg|Nymphs Finding the Head of Orpheus
1900
Image:John William Waterhouse A Mermaid.jpg|The Mermaid
1900
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Crystal Ball.JPG|The Crystal Ball
1902
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Missal.JPG|The Missal
1902
Image:Windswept by John William Waterhouse.jpg|Windflowers
1902
Image:John William Waterhouse - Boreas (1903).jpg|Boreas
1903
Image:Echo and Narcissus.jpg|《厄科與那耳喀索斯》
1903
Image:Psyche-Waterhouse.jpg|Psyche Opening the Golden Box
1903
Image:Psyche Opening the Door into Cupid's Garden.jpg|Psyche Opening the Door into Cupid's Garden
1904
Image:Lamia and the Soldier.jpg|Lamia
(version 1)
1905
Image:Jason and Medea - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Jason and Medea
1907
Image:The Bouquet (study).jpg|The Bouquet
(a study)
1908
Image:Gather Ye Rosebuds - Ophelia.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds or Ophelia (a study)
circa 1908
Image:Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May...
1908
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Soul of the Rose, aka My Sweet Rose.JPG|The Soul of the Rose or My Sweet Rose
1908
Image:Waterhouse-gather ye rosebuds-1909.jpg|Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May
1909
Image:Lamia Waterhouse.jpg|Lamia
(version 2)
1909
Image:Thisbe - John William Waterhouse.jpg|Thisbe
1909

1910年代
Image:John William Waterhouse - Ophelia (1910).jpg|Ophelia
1910
Image:John William Waterhouse - Spring Spreads One Green Lap of Flowers.JPG|Spring Spreads One Green Lap of Flowers
1910
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Charmer.JPG|The Charmer
1911
Image:JohnWilliamWaterhouse-PenelopeandtheSuitors(1912).jpg|Penelope and the Suitors
1912
Image:John William Waterhouse - The Annunciation.JPG|The Annunciation
1914
Image:John William Waterhouse - Dante and Matilda.jpg|Dante and Matilda
1914-17
Image:John William Waterhouse - Matilda (formerly called "Beatrice").jpg|Matilda
Circa 1915
Image:John William Waterhouse - I am half-sick of shadows, said the lady of shalott.JPG|I am half-sick of shadows, said the Lady of Shalott
1916
Image:1916-a-tale-from-the-decameron-.jpg|A Tale from the Decameron
1916
Image:Miranda - The Tempest JWW.jpg|Miranda -- The Tempest
1916
Image:John william waterhouse tristan and isolde with the potion.jpg|Tristan and Isolde
1916

参考文献
延伸阅读
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外部链接
*[http://www.johnwilliamwaterhouse.net/ John William Waterhouse.net]
*[http://www.johnwilliamwaterhouse.com/home/ John William Waterhouse (The Art and Life of JW Waterhouse);]
*[http://www.jwwaterhouse.com John William Waterhouse (Comprehensive Painting Gallery)]
*[http://www.jwwaterhouse.net/ John William Waterhouse (1849-1917)]
*[http://www.artble.com/artists/john_william_waterhouse/more_information/style_and_technique John William Waterhouse Style and Technique]
*[http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ArtistWorks?cgroupid=999999961&artistid=583&page=1&sole=y&collab=y&attr=y&sort=default&tabview=worklist Waterhouse at Tate Britain]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200104/http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/walker/collections/20c/waterhouse.aspx Echo and Narcissus* (1903)]
*[http://www.tendreams.org/waterhouse.htm Ten Dreams Galleries]
*[http://www.all-art.org/neoclasscism/waterhouse1.html John William Waterhouse in the "History of Art"]

• [http://www.johnwilliamwaterhouse.com/home/ John William Waterhouse] 专门介绍画家的网站
• [http://www.trzj.org/art/famous/onfantasyart/09.htm 奇幻艺术网站，内有多幅沃特豪斯的画作与评论]