蟬科（学名：）是蟬總科下的一科，其下物種通稱為蟬，其特色為雄蟲腹胸交界處有發聲器，收縮振動而產生很大的鳴叫聲，雌蟲則無此器官；成蟲與若蟲均頭寬大於胸寬，且具兩突出的複眼，均吸食植物汁液為生，惟若蟲於地下挖洞穴居，成熟後爬上樹幹羽化，成蟲四翅薄而多為透明。因其鳴叫聲音，又俗稱“知了”，或作：蛭、[https://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=113185 蜘蟟] 、唧了、吱嘮、借落子等。
蟬科廣泛分布於全球溫帶至熱帶地區（已知紀錄約2500種蟬）。一些分布於沙漠地區的種類，當體溫過熱時，會從（tergum）排出多餘的水分，進而達到冷卻及散熱的效果（原理與人類流汗類似）。
名稱
漢字中「蟬」最早出現於商代至西周間，構造上屬於形聲字。形符「-{虫}-」為「蟲」的古字，在當時是對動物的泛稱（五蟲）；而聲符「單」亦兼表字義，帶有「發出聲響」的意涵。
古人對蟬的稱呼有：蜩、螗（較小的蟬）、蜺（寒蟬）、𧔢、䗃、䗁、蝒（聲響的大黑蟬）、螓（方頭廣額的小蟬）、蠽、五色、日暮、丕蜩、茅蜩、秋蜩、蚱蟬（同蝒）、寒蜩、寒螿、蜋蜩、蜻蜻、蜓蛛、蜩螗、螗蜩（不同於蜩螗，為一種小蟬）、蟪蛄、螗蛦、馬蜩、蛁蟟、螇螰。
蟬的英語 cicada 源自拉丁語，意指「棲息於樹上，像蟋蟀一樣會鳴叫的」；但英語有時稱蟬為 locust，儘管與蝗蟲沒有確切關係。希臘語為 [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BE τέττῑξ / téttīx ] 或 [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82 τζίτζικας / tzítzikas ] ，兩者皆為擬聲詞，即模仿蟬的鳴聲。
特徵
大多數蟬的體型通常不大，成蟲體長多在之間，少數種類，例如世界最大的（**'）翼展就達，體長約；同樣棲息於南亞地區的一種大型蟬（，有「青襟油蟬」或「婆羅洲巨蟬」等名稱）翼展也有，其體長則約。蟬的外骨骼很堅硬，雙翅相當發達，多為透明或半透明（雙翅完全不透明的種類通常翅面顏色較為鮮明，且多分布於靠近熱帶的地區），上面有明顯的翅脈。
一般來說，蟬的頭部寬而短，具有明顯突出的額唇基（）。觸角短，呈鬚狀。口器細長，口器內有食管與唾液管，屬於刺吸式。胸部則包括前胸、中胸及後胸，其中前胸和中胸較長。3個胸部都具有一對足，腿節粗壯發達（若蟲前腳用來挖掘，腿節膨大，帶刺）。
蟬的腹部呈長錐形，總共有10個腹節，第9腹節成為尾節。雄蟬第1、第2腹節具發音器，第10腹節形成肛門；雌蟬第10腹節形成產卵管，且較為膨大。
眼睛
蟬的視力相當良好，有五隻眼睛，包括兩隻复眼和三隻单眼。複眼突出，位於頭部兩側且分得很開。
發聲
雄性蟬身体两侧有能够发出很大声响的發聲構造（也稱為「鼓室」），主要包括背瓣、腹瓣、鼓膜、發音肌（鼓膜肌）、腱盤、腱突起、腹面調節肌、鏡膜、褶膜（摺膜）、第三氣門、共鳴室（氣室）等。為了發音，牠們常趴在樹幹上，向前或左右扭動腹部來調節發出的聲響；而發出來的響聲常被稱為蟬的「歌聲」，與一般以摩擦方式發聲的昆蟲（如蟋蟀）不同。雌蟬没有發聲器。
習性
生活史
周期蟬
:
比較著名的蟬是「十七年蝉」或周期蟬（）。原產於美國東部地區，這些蟬的若蟲在地下蟄伏十三或十七年，然後破土而出。
根據牠們出現的年份，周期蟬被分為30個「群」。群1號到17號是十七年蟬，群18號到30號是十三年蟬。一些群並不存在，但為了方便起見而保留。群4號已於西元2003年出現。而下一次的十三年蟬為將於西元2011年出現的群19號。群10號，一種十七年蟬，已經出現於西元2004年5月的紐澤西州和北卡羅萊納州。
分類學
，外型和現在的蟬極度相似，就連雙翅也有了蟬的輪廓]]
狹義的蟬僅侷限於蟬科的昆蟲：
*蟬下目 Cicadomorpha（Clypeorrhyncha, Clypeata）
蟬總科 **
*** 蟬科 Cicadidae
||Buyisa |Distant, 1907
||Cabecita |Lee, 2014
||Cacama |Distant, 1904
||Cacamam |
||Calcagninus |Distant, 1892
||Caledopsalta |Delorme, 2018
||Caliginopsalta |Ewart, 2005
||Calipsalta |Moulds & Marshall, 2022
||Calliopsida |Torres, 1958
||Callogaeana |Chou & Yao, 1985
||Calopsaltria |Stål, 1861
||Calyria |Stål, 1862
||Camuracicada |Moulds, 2018
||Cantata |Lee & Pham, 2021
||Canualna |Boulard, 1985
||Capcicada |Villet, 1989
||Carineta |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Cephalalna |Boulard, 2006
||Chalumalna |Boulard, 2001
||Champaka |Distant, 1905
||Chelapsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Chilecicada |Sanborn, 2014
||Chinaria |Davis, 1934
||Chlorocysta |Westwood, 1851
||Chloropsalta |Haupt, 1920
||Chonosia |Distant, 1905
||Chremistica |Stål, 1870
||Chrysocicada |Boulard, 1989
||Chrysolasia |Moulds, 2003
||Cicada |Linnaeus, 1758
||Cicadatra |Kolenati, 1857
||Cicadatrini |Distant, 1905
||Cicadetta |Kolenati, 1857
||Cicadettana |Marshall & Hil, 2017
||Cicadmalleus |Boulard & Puissant, 2013
||Citroriginis |Sanborn, 2021
||Clidophleps |Van Duzee, 1915
||Clinata |Moulds, 2012
||Clinopsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Coata |Distant, 1906
||Cochleopsaltria |Pham & Constant, 2017
||Conibosa |Distant, 1905
||Cornuplura |Davis, 1944
||Cosmopsaltria |Stål, 1866
||Cracenpsaltria |Sanborn, 2016
||Crassisternalna |Boulard, 1980
||Crassopsaltria |Boulard, 2008
||Crotopsalta |Ewart, 2005
|熊蟬屬 |Cryptotympana |Stål, 1861
||Curvicicada |Chou & Lu, 1997
||Cyclochila |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Cylochila |
||Cystopsaltria |Goding & Froggatt, 1904
||Cystosoma |Westwood, 1842
||Davispia |Cooper, 1941
||Daza |Distant, 1905
||Dazollina |Sanborn, 2018
||Decebalus |Distant, 1920
||Deremeces |Sanborn, 2021
||Derotettix |Berg, 1882
||Diceroprocta |Stål, 1870
||Diceropyga |Stål, 1870
||Diemeniana |Distant, 1906
||Dilobopyga |Duffels, 1977
||Dimissalna |Boulard, 2007
||Dinarobia |Mamet, 1957
||Dipsopsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Distantada |Orian, 1963
||Distantalna |Boulard, 2009
||Dominicicada |Poinar Jr. & Kritsky, 2012
- Dominicicada youngi Poinar Jr. & Kritsky, 2012
||Graptopsaltria |Motschulsky, 1866
||Graptopsaltria |Stål, 1866
||Graptotettix |Stål, 1866
||Guaranisaria |Distant, 1905
||Gudanga |Distant, 1905
||Guineapsaltria |Boer, 1993
||Guyalna |Boulard & Martinelli, 1996
||Gymnotympana |Stål, 1861
||Hadoa |Moulds, 2015
||Haemopsalta |Owen & Moulds, 2016
||Hainanosemia |Kato, 1927
||Hamza |Distant, 1904
||Haphsa |Distant, 1905
|碧蝉属 |Hea |Distant, 1906
||Heliopsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Hemidictya |Burmeister, 1835
||Hemisciera |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Henicopsaltria |Stål, 1866
||Henicotettix |Stål, 1858
||Heremusina |Ewart, 2018
||Herrera |Distant, 1905
||Heteropsaltria |Jacobi, 1902
||Hilaphura |Webb, 1979
||Hovana |Distant, 1905
||Huechys |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Hyalessa |China, 1925
||Hyantia |Stål, 1866
||Hylora |Boulard, 1971
||Illyria |Moulds, 1985
||Imbabura |Distant, 1911
||Inflatopyga |Duffels, 1997
||Ingcainyenzane |Sanborn & Villet, 2020
||Inthaxara |Distant, 1913
||Ioba |Distant, 1904
||Iruana |Distant, 1905
||Jacatra |Distant, 1905
||Jafuna |Distant, 1912
||Jassopsaltria |Ashton, 1914
||Juanaria |Distant, 1920
||Kageralna |Boulard, 2012
||Kalabita |Moulton, 1923
||Kalarko |Moulds & Marshall, 2022
||Kamalata |Distant, 1889
||Kanakia |Distant, 1892
||Kaphsa |Lee, 2012
||Karenia |Distant, 1888
||Karscheliana |Boulard, 1990
||Katoa |Ôuchi, 1938
||Khimbya |Distant, 1905
||Kikihia |Dugdale, 1972
||Kimberpsaltria |Moulds, Marshall & Popple, 2021
||Kintusamo |Szwedo, 2019
||Klapperichicen |Dlabola, 1957
||Kobonga |Distant, 1906
||Koma |Distant, 1904
||Kongota |Distant, 1904
||Koranna |Distant, 1905
||Kosemia |Matsumura, 1927
||Kumanga |Distant, 1905
||Lacetas |Karsch, 1890
||Lahugada |Distant, 1905
||Lamotialna |Boulard, 1976
||Laopsaltria |Moulds, Frese & McCurry, 2022
||Lembeja |Distant, 1892
||Lemuriana |Distant, 1905
||Leptopsaltria |Stål, 1866
||Leptosemia |Matsumura, 1917
||Lethama |Distant, 1905
||Ligymolpa |Karsch, 1890
||Limnopsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Linguacicada |Chou & Lu, 1997
||Lithocicada |Cockerell, 1906
||Luangwana |Distant, 1914
||Lycurgus |China, 1925
||Lyristes |Horváth, 1926
|大蝉属 |Macrosemia |Kato, 1925
||Macrotristria |Stål, 1870
|周期蟬 |Magicicada |Davis, 1925
||Majeorona |Distant, 1905
||Malagasia |Distant, 1882
||Malgachialna |Boulard, 1980
||Malgotilia |Boulard, 1980
||Malloryalna |Sanborn, 2016
||Manna |Lee & Emery, 2013
||Maoricicada |Dugdale, 1972
||Mapondera |Distant, 1905
||Mariekea |Jong & Boer, 2004
||Maroboduus |Distant, 1920
||Marteena |Moulds, 1986
||Masamia |Lee & Emery, 2013
||Masupha |Distant, 1892
||Mata |Distant, 1906
||Maua |Distant, 1905
||Megapomponia |Boulard, 2005
||Megatibicen |Sanborn & Heath, 2016
||Meimuna |Distant, 1905
||Melampsalta |Amyot, 1847
||Melampsalta |Kolenati, 1857
||Melanesiana |Delorme, 2017
||Mendozana |Distant, 1906
||Minilomia |Lee, 2013
||Minipomponia |Boulard, 2008
||Miniterpnosia |Lee, 2013
||Minyscapheus |Poinar Jr., Kritsky & Brown, 2012
- Minyscapheus dominicanus Poinar Jr., Kritsky & Brown, 2012
||Miocenoprasia |Boulard & Riou, 1999
||Mirabilopsaltria |Boer, 1996
||Miranha |Distant, 1905
||Moana |Myers, 1928
||Mogannia |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Monomatapa |Distant, 1897
||Mosaica |Lee & Emery, 2013
||Mouia |Distant, 1920
||Mouldspsaltria |Sanborn, 2021
||Muansa |Distant, 1904
||Muda |Distant, 1897
||Mugadina |Moulds, 2012
||Munza |Distant, 1904
||Mura |Distant, 1905
||Muraoides |Sanborn, 2018
||Murmurillana |Delorme, 2016
||Murphyalna |Boulard, 2012
||Musimoia |China, 1929
||Musoda |Karsch, 1890
||Myersalna |Boulard, 1988
||Myopsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Nabalua |Moulton, 1923
||Nablistes |Karsch, 1891
||Nanopsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Nelbroma |Sanborn, 2021
||Nelcyndana |Distant, 1906
||Neocicada |Kato, 1932
||Neomuda |Distant, 1920
||Neoncotympana |Lee, 2011
||Neoplatypedia |Davis, 1920
||Neopsaltoda |Distant, 1910
||Neopunia |Moulds, 2012
||Neopurana |Lee & Marshall, 2023
||Neoterpnosia |Lee & Emery, 2014
||Neotibicen |Hill & Moulds, 2015
||Nggeliana |Boulard, 1979
||Nigripsaltria |Boer, 1999
||Noongara |Moulds, 2012
||Nosoarna |Ruschel & Sanborn, 2021
||Nosola |Stål, 1866
||Notopsalta |Dugdale, 1972
||Novemcella |Goding, 1925
||Nyara |Villet, 1999
||Odopoea |Stål, 1861
||Okanagana |Distant, 1905
||Okanagodes |Davis, 1919
||Oligoglena |Horváth, 1912
||Ollanta |Distant, 1905
|蛁蟟属 |Oncotympana |Stål, 1870
||Onomacritus |Distant, 1912
||Onoralna |Boulard, 1996
||Orapa |Distant, 1905
||Orellana |Distant, 1905
||Orialella |Metcalf, 1952
||Orientafroinsularis |Sanborn, 2021
||Orientopsaltria |Kato, 1944
||Oudeboschia |Distant, 1920
||Oudeboshia |Distant, 1920
||Owra |Ashton, 1912
||Oxypleura |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Pacarina |Distant, 1905
||Pachypsaltria |Stål, 1861
||Paectira |Karsch, 1890
||Pagiphora |Horváth, 1912
||Paharia |Distant, 1905
||Pakidetta |Sanborn & Ahmed, 2017
||Palapsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Paleopsalta |Moulds, 2018
||Panialna |Delorme, 2016
||Panka |Distant, 1905
||Papuapsaltria |Boer, 1995
||Paracicadetta |Boulard & Nel, 1990
||Paradina |Moulds, 2012
||Paranistria |Metcalf, 1952
||Paranosia |Lee, 2014
||Paratalainga |He, 1984
||Paratanna |Lee, 2012
||Parnisa |Stål, 1862
||Parnkalla |Distant, 1905
||Parnquila |Moulds, 2012
||Parvittya |Distant, 1905
||Parvopsalta |Moulds & Marshall, 2022
||Paulaudalna |Delorme, 2017
||Pauropsalta |Goding & Froggatt, 1904
||Pedana |Moulds & Marshall, 2022
||Pegapsaltria |Moulds & Marshall, 2022
||Pericallea |Moulds, Marshall & Hutchinson, 2022
||Philipsalta |Lee, Marshall & Hill, 2016
||Physeema |Moulds, 2012
||Pictila |Moulds, 2012
||Pinheya |Dlabola, 1965
||Pipilopsalta |Ewart, 2005
||Platylomia |Stål, 1870
||Platypedia |Uhler, 1888
|蟪蛄屬 |Platypleura |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Platypsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Plautilla |Stål, 1865
||Plerapsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Polyneura |Westwood, 1840
||Pompanonia |Boulard, 1982
||Pomponia |Stål, 1866
||Popplepsalta |Owen & Moulds, 2016
||Poviliana |Boulard, 1997
||Prasia |Stål, 1863
||Prasinosoma |Torres, 1963
||Proarna |Stål, 1864
||Procollina |Metcalf, 1952
||Prosotettix |Jacobi, 1907
||Prunasis |Stål, 1862
||Psallodia |Uhler, 1903
||Psalmocharias |Kirkaldy, 1908
||Psaltoda |Stål, 1861
||Psephenotettix |Torres, 1958
||Pseudokanakia |Delorme, 2016
||Pseudotettigetta |Puissant, 2010
||Psilotympana |Stål, 1861
||Psithyristria |Stål, 1870
||Punia |Moulds, 2012
||Purana |Distant, 1905
||Puranoides |Moulton, 1917
||Pycna |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Pygmaeodopoea |Sanborn, 2020
||Pyropsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Quesada |Distant, 1905
||Quintilia |Stål, 1866
||Qurana |Lee, 2009
||Raiateana |Boulard, 1979
||Relictapsalta |Owen & Moulds, 2016
||Rhadinopyga |Duffels, 1985
||Rhaeboepelis |Ruschel & Sanborn, 2021
||Rhinopsalta |Melichar, 1908
||Rhodopsalta |Dugdale, 1972
||Rouxalna |Boulard, 1999
||Rustia |Stål, 1866
||Sadaka |Distant, 1904
||Sahyaterpnosia |Sadasivan & Sarkar, 2023
- Sahyaterpnosia laevospina Sadasivan & Sarkar, 2023
||Salvazana |Distant, 1913
||Samaecicada |Popple & Emery, 2010
||Sapantanga |Distant, 1905
||Sapantanga |Ruschel & Campos, 2019
||Saticula |Stål, 1866
||Scieroptera |Stål, 1866
||Scolopita |Chou & Lei, 1997
||Scottotympana |Boer, 1991
||Sechellalna |Boulard, 2010
||Selymbria |Stål, 1861
||Semia |Matsumura, 1917
||Severiana |Boulard, 1972
||Shaoshia |Wei, Ahmed & Rizvi, 2010
||Simona |Moulds, 2012
||Sinapsaltria |Kato, 1940
||Sinocicadoprosbole |Mi, Zhang & Sun, 1993
||Songga |Lee, 2016
||Soudaniella |Boulard, 1972
||Spoerryana |Boulard, 1974
||Stagea |Villet, 1994
||Stagira |Stål, 1861
||Stellenboschia |Distant, 1920
||Strepuntalna |Delorme, 2017
||Strumosella |Boulard, 1973
||Strumoseura |Villet, 1999
||Subpsaltria |Chen, 1943
||Subtibicina |Lee, 2012
||Suisha |Kato, 1928
||Sulphogaeana |Chou & Yao, 1985
||Sundabroma |Duffels, 2011
||Sylphoides |Moulds, 2012
||Tacua |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Taipinga |Distant, 1905
|暗蟬屬 |Taiwanosemia |Matsumura, 1917
||Takapsalta |Matsumura, 1927
|红眼蝉属 |Talainga |Distant, 1890
||Talcopsaltria |Moulds, 2008
||Tamasa |Distant, 1905
||Tanna |Distant, 1905
||Tanyocicada |Moulds, 2020
||Taona |Distant, 1909
||Taphura |Stål, 1862
||Taungia |Ollenbach, 1928
||Taurella |Moulds, 2012
||Telmapsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Terepsalta |Moulds, 2012
||Terpnosia |Distant, 1892
||Tettigades |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Tettigetta |Kolenati, 1857
||Tettigettacula |Puissant, 2010
||Tettigettalna |Puissant, 2010
||Tettigettula |Puissant, 2010
||Tettigomyia |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Tettigotoma |Torres, 1942
||Thaumastopsaltria |Kirkaldy, 1900
||Thopha |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Tibeta |Lei & Chou, 1997
||Tibicina |Kolenati, 1857
||Tibicinoides |Distant, 1914
||Timbaltransversa |Sanborn, 2021
||Tithopsaltria |Moulds, Frese & McCurry, 2022
||Torrescada |Sanborn & Heath, 2017
||Tosena |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Toseria |
||Toulgoetalna |Boulard, 1982
||Toxala |Moulds, 2012
||Toxopeusella |Schmidt, 1926
||Trengganua |Moulton, 1923
||Triglena |Fieber, 1875
||Trismarcha |Karsch, 1891
||Tryella |Moulds, 2003
||Tymocicada |Becker-Migdisova, 1954
||Tympanistalna |Boulard, 1982
||Tympanoterpes |Stål, 1861
||Ueana |Distant, 1905
||Ugada |Distant, 1904
||Uhleroides |Distant, 1912
||Umjaba |Distant, 1904
||Unduncus |Duffels, 2011
||Unipomponia |Lee, 2014
||Urabunana |Distant, 1905
||Uradolichos |Moulds, 2012
||Vagitanus |Distant, 1918
||Vastarena |Delorme, 2016
||Venustria |Goding & Froggatt, 1904
||Versicolora |Wei, Wang, Hayashi, He & Pham, 2020
||Vietanna |Lee & Pham, 2021
||Viettealna |Boulard, 1980
||Vittagaeana |Hill et al., 2021
||Vittagaeana |Moulds, Sarkar, Lee & Marshall, 2021
||Xeropsalta |Ewart, 2018
||Xosopsaltria |Kirkaldy, 1904
||Xossarella |Boulard, 1980
||Yanga |Distant, 1904
||Yezoterpnosia |Matsumura, 1917
||Yoyetta |Moulds, 2012
||Zammara |Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843
||Zammaralna |Boulard & Sueur, 1996
||Zaphsa |Lee & Emery, 2014
||Zouga |Distant, 1906
}}
圖集
File:Snodgrass Magicicada septendecim.jpg|画家笔下的蝉
File:Can2.JPG|蝉若虫的壳
File:Cicada-taibai.jpg|蝉
Cicada molting animated-2.gif| 成蟲
Emerging Cicada.png|羽化
Aburazemi-uka.JPG|羽化中
Nukegara.JPG|待蟬蛻
其它
食用
在中國，蟬的剛出土的若蟲，稱知了猴、知了龜、蟬牛、蟬猴等，被視為一種食材，油炸、蒸煮或燒烤後可以食用。活的或醃漬後的蟬若蟲也會在市面上銷售。但因富含異體蛋白，過敏體質者應謹慎食用。
醫藥
蟬若蟲的殼—「蟬蛻」，是一種中藥材。此外，卵、若蟲、成蟲等遭受如真菌等微生物寄生，將產生「蟬花」，原理可以以冬蟲夏草的方式思維，只是它們應用上的藥效卻大不相同。。
遭寄生
- （Dyar, 1904），蟬寄蛾科（）成員，主要分布於日本、韓國與臺灣。
*蟬寄生蜂（Neolathromera kishidai）、蟬寄生蠅（Nemoraea cicadina）
參考來源
;書目
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;引用
註釋
相關
*蟬花
*唅
大眾文化
*暮蟬悲鳴時（遊戲以及依此改編的廣播劇、漫畫、電視動畫及電影）
*第八日的蟬（影劇）
*十七年命運週期 (劇集的英文名是指蟬的週期)
*靈魂約定 (劇集以夏蟬木雕為主要道具）
外部链接
- [http://www.ummz.lsa.umich.edu/Magicicada/Periodical/Index.html 周期蝉 - 密歇根大学] （英文）
- [http://www.ext.vt.edu/pubs/entomology/444-276/444-276.html 周期蝉 - 维吉尼亚理工] （英文）
- [http://www.fs.fed.us/na/morgantown/fhp/palerts/cicada/cicada.htm 周期蝉群5号 - 美国农业部] （英文）
- [http://www.cicadas-pictures.com 蝉的图片] （英文）
- [http://szbk.wnrb.net/html/2011-07/18/content_403439.htm 白水大荔严打果林地养知了行为]
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