退伍軍人桿菌屬

军团菌是一类革兰氏阴性菌，包括造成退伍軍人症的嗜肺军团菌。

军团菌在許多環境中都很常见，已确定的至少有50个種和70個血清型。该属菌細胞壁取代基所攜帶的基团标识了其体抗原。這些取代基的化學构成，包括其成分的不同以及糖原的不同排列方式，決定了其表面體抗原或是O-抗原的性质，而這正是血清學中对許多革兰氏阴性菌分類的基本手段。

军团菌的名字源於1976年7月在費城爆发的一种“神秘疾病”，该病共造成221人患病，34人死亡，患者大都为美國退伍軍人，因而被冠名為退伍軍人症。退伍軍人症被廣泛宣傳而造成一定程度的恐慌。1977年1月18日，该病的病原體被確定為一种不為人知的細菌，隨後被命名為军团菌。

下属物种
本属包括以下物种：

參見

• 殺菌劑
• 環境微生物學
• 醫院感染

參考資料
外部連結

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050320172011/http://www.cdc.gov/NCIDOD/DBMD/diseaseinfo/legionellosis_t.htm CDC Division of bacterial and Mycotic Diseases: Legionellosis]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20071024034244/http://www.astdhpphe.org/infect/Legion.html Directors of Health Promotion and Education page on Legionellosis]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20121225121713/http://www.ewgli.org/ European Working Group for Legionella Infections]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120723190446/http://www.q-net.net.au/~legion/ Legionnaires' disease outbreaks]
• [http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs285/zh/index.html 世界卫生组织 军团病]

維護指引

• [http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/guidelines/Enviro_guide_03.pdf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] - Procedure for Cleaning Cooling Towers and Related Equipment |(pages 239 and 240 of 249)
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20060627200918/http://www.cti.org/downloads/legion_2000.pdf Cooling Technology Institute] - Best Practices for Control of Legionella
• [http://www.energy.ca.gov/2005publications/CEC-700-2005-025/CEC-700-2005-025.PDF California Energy Commission] - Cooling Water Management Program Guidelines For Wet and Hybrid Cooling Towers at Power Plants
• [http://www.ashrae.org/publications/detail/14891#Gdl12/ ASHRAE Guideline]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20140901141126/http://www.legionellae.org/guidelines/guidelines.htm Guidelines for Control of Legionella in Ornamental Fountains]