艾里斑是点光源通过理想透镜成像时,由于繞射而在焦点处形成的光斑。中央是明亮的圆斑,周围有一组较弱的明暗相间的同心环状条纹,把其中以第一暗环为界限的中央亮斑称作艾里斑。这个光斑的大小可以用下面的公式来估计:
: \sin \theta \approx 1.22 \frac{\lambda}{d}
艾里斑是以英国皇家天文学家乔治·比德尔·艾里的名字命名的。因为他在1835年的论文中第一次给出了这个现象的理论解释。
外部链接
- [http://www.microscopyu.com/articles/formulas/formulasresolution.html "Concepts and Formulas in Microscopy: Resolution"] by Michael W. Davidson, Nikon MicroscopyU (website).
- [http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/imageformation/airyna/index.html "Image Formation: Numerical Aperture and Image Resolution"] (Interactive Java Tutorial) by Kenneth R. Spring, Brian O. Flynn, and Michael W. Davidson, Molecular Expressions (website), June 15, 2006.
- [http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/imageformation/airydiskformation/index.html "Image Formation: Airy Pattern Formation"] (Interactive Java Tutorial) by Kenneth R. Spring, Brian O. Flynn, and Michael W. Davidson, Molecular Expressions (website), June 15, 2006.
- [http://cnx.org/content/m13097/latest/ "Diffraction from a Circular Aperture"] by Paul Padley, Connexions (website), November 8, 2005. – Mathematical details to derive the above formula.
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20120911020523/http://www.oldham-optical.co.uk/Airy%20Disk.htm "The Airy Disk: An Explanation Of What It Is, And Why You Can’t Avoid It"], Oldham Optical UK.
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