共济失调

共济失调（）又称运动失调，是在肌力正常的情况下出现的随意运动协调障碍，可累及四肢、躯干及咽喉肌，表现为姿势、步态和构音障碍。“共济”的意思是在互相帮助下共同成事，而共济失调意思就是肌肉之间不能协作。

造成共济失调的神经系统病变或损伤处，可在小脑、大脑、脊髓后索，以及任何影响本体感觉及前庭迷路功能的部位，进而引发动态失调、静止失调，产生机体动作协调不良及平衡功能障碍。按障碍部位分为：小脑性共济失调、大脑性共济失调、脊髓性共济失调、脑干性共济失调、前庭迷路性共济失调。共济失调最常见的表现为步态不稳，且可表现为动作不准确、不流畅，以致不能顺利完成。当累及躯干、四肢和咽喉肌时可分别引起身体平衡、姿势、步态及言语障碍。

國際共濟失調意識日為九月二十五日。

種類
*小腦
*前庭系統
*感覺神經

病因
*缺乏維他命B12、維他命B1
*遺傳性失調
*肝豆狀核變性
*酒精性小腦萎縮

延伸閱讀
*
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参考
外部連結

• [http://www.curefa.org Friedreich's Ataxia Research Alliance (FARA)]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110511181201/http://www.ataxiaconnect.org/ Ataxia Connect Social Network]
• [http://www.ataxia.org.uk Ataxia UK], including
• [http://www.aappad.com.br/ Brasil, Rio Grande do Sul - Associação dos Amigos, Parentes e Portadores de Ataxias Dominantes]
• [http://www.lacaf.org Canadian Association for Familial Ataxias - Claude St-Jean Foundation]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120918041001/http://www.ataxiaawarenessday.org/ International Ataxia Awareness Day]
• [http://www.livingwithataxia.org LivingWithAtaxia Forums & Community]
• [http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/ataxia/ataxia.htm Overview] at (NINDS)
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120819143104/http://www.rochesterataxiafoundation.org/ Rochester Ataxia Foundation, Rochester, NY]
• [http://www.medworm.com/rss/search.php?qu=ataxia&t=Ataxia&f=c&r=Any&o=d The latest news and research on Ataxia]
• [http://www.ataxia.org US National Ataxia Foundation]
• [http://www.ataxiacenter.umn.edu/ University of Minnesota Ataxia Center]
• [http://library.med.utah.edu/neurologicexam/html/gait_abnormal.html#07/ Video demonstration of ataxic gait]
• [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18787912 Gluten Ataxia]
• [http://www.drperlmutter.com/study/range-of-neurologic-disorders-in-patients-with-celiac-disease/ Range of Neurologic Disorders in Patients With Celiac Disease]