腔室症候群是對肢體、生命產生威脅的一種狀況，是由於身體某部位神經、血管及肌肉在一個封閉的空間（腔室）中受到壓迫。起因於腔室中升高的壓力，造成血管灌流不足，導致組織缺氧而壞死。腔室症候群最常發生在前臂及小腿， 並可分成急性、亞急性及慢性腔室症候群。根據蘭金（Rankin, 1981）的定義，腔室症候群的起因是一個密閉空間中的壓力，使得該空間的循環及組織功能的受到阻礙。
原因
因為組成腔室的結締組織延展性降低使得流經該腔室的血流量減少，或是由於腔室中肌肉的腫脹造成腔室中壓力的劇烈升高。常造成腔室症候群的原因包括脛骨或前臂骨折，由於組織的傷害、出血、血管穿刺、靜脈藥物注射，長時間固定、肢體的壓迫，粉碎性的傷害及燒燙傷造成的再灌注性損傷。 另一個可能的原因是由於服用肌氨酸，有研究指出服用肌氨酸的病史與腔室症候群有一定關係。
参考资料
延伸閱讀
*Floyd R. and Thompson C. Manual of Structural Kinesiology 17th Ed., McCrawHill. ISBN 978-0-07-337643-1
*Blackman, Paul G.. "A review of chronic exertional compartment syndrome in the lower leg." Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 32.3 (supp): S4-S10.
*Hamill, J and Knutzem KM. Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement, 3rd Ed. Lippincott Williams&Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-9128-1
*Leung, Y.F., Ip, S.P., Chung, O.M., Wai, Y.L., (2003, June). Unimuscular neuromuscular insult of the leg in partial anterior compartment syndrome in a patient with combined fractures. Hong Kong Medical Journal, 9.
*Rankin, E.A., Andrews, G. (1981, December). Anterior tibial compartmental syndrome: an unusual presentation. Journal of the National Medical Association, 73.
*Rorabeck, C.H., (1984, January). The treatment of compartment syndromes of the leg. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-British, 66-B. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20110724152659/http://web.jbjs.org.uk/cgi/content/abstract/66-B/1/93
*Shadgan, B., et. al. (2010, October). Current thinking about acute compartment syndrome of the lower extremity, Canadian Journal of Surgery, 53.
*Shears, E., Porter, K. (2006). Acute compartment syndrome of the limb. Trauma, 8.
*Touliopolous, S., Hershman, E.B., (1999, March). Lower leg pain: diagnosis and treatment of compartment syndromes and other pain syndromes of the leg. Sports Medicine, 27.
外部链接
- [http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/chronic-exertional-compartment-syndrome/DS00789/DSECTION=symptoms Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome detailed at MayoClinic.com]
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*[http://archsurg.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/133/12/1356/ Fasciotomy, Chronic Venous Insufficiency, and the Calf Muscle Pump]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120303141029/http://www.sportsinjurybulletin.com/archive/compartment-syndrome.html Compartment syndrome]
*[http://bjsm.bmj.com/cgi/content/extract/37/6/541 Saphenous nerve injury after fasciotomy for compartment syndrome]
- [http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/fact/thr_report.cfm?thread_id=287&topcategory=General%20Information American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons Compartment Syndrome]
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