TRIZ,( 俄语缩写“ТРИЗ”翻译为“发明家式的解决任务理论”,用英语标音可读为Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch,缩写为TRIZ。英文说法:Theory of Inventive Problem Solving,TIPS),可理解为发明式的问题解决理论,也有人缩写为TIPS。
TRIZ,正體中文翻譯為「萃思」,取其「萃取思考」之義。
序言
TRIZ是创造式的解决问题方式(TRIZical Creatology)。是否可以能凭学习而成为发明者吗?苏联工程师和研究学者根里奇·阿奇舒勒()相信实际上这样的事情是可能的。他开发了TRIZ ,那就是发明科学的理论和实践。
历史
TRIZ是前苏联亞塞拜然发明家根里奇·阿奇舒勒所提出的,他从1946年开始领导数十家研究机构、大学、企业组成了TRIZ的研究团体,通过对世界高水平发明专利(累计250万件)的几十年分析研究,基于辩证唯物主义和系统论思想,提出了有关发明问题的基本理论。
它的理论核心包括:基本理论和原理,具体包括:
#总论(基本规则、矛盾分析理论、发明的等级)、
#技术进化论、
#解决技术问题的39个通用工程参数及40个发明方法,
#物场分析与转换原理及76个标准解法,
#发明问题的解题程序(算子),
#物理效应库。
总之,TRIZ是一个包括由解决技术问题,实现创新开发的各种方法到算法组成的综合理论体系。
終極理想解的確認
所謂終極理想解(ultimate ideality)是指一個解決方案能帶來各種效益而且不會增加成本或帶來任何壞處,在TRIZ理論中,在邁向解決問題的流程上,須先拋開各式各樣客觀的限制因素,通過理想化來定義問題的終極理想解,以明確理想解所存在的方向和位置,以求在設計解決問題的過程中沿著此目標前進並獲得最終理想解,從而避免了傳統創新設計方法中以Brainstroming或Try & Error方式缺乏目標的弊端,提升了創新設計的效率。
原则与其它方面的联系
世界上的TRIZ
- [http://www3.sympatico.ca/karasik/altshuller_prize_announcement.html The Altshuller Prize] for outstanding achievements in applying and/or advancing TRIZ.
- [http://www.triz-journal.com/ The TRIZ Journal]
- [http://www.altshuller.ru/ Official G.S. Altshuller foundation ]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060909200223/http://www.togopressllc.com/trizined/ojs/index.php Journal of TRIZ in Engineering Design]
- [http://www3.sympatico.ca/karasik Anti TRIZ-Journal] Critiques of TRIZ by the former close associates of Altshuller
- Associations: [http://www.etria.net ETRIA] European TRIZ Association
- Institutions supporting TRIZ: [https://web.archive.org/web/20060903122623/http://www.imeche.org.uk/manufacturing/triz.asp IMechE] Institution of Mechanical Engineers TRIZ Network
- Conferences: [https://web.archive.org/web/20060615101415/http://www.etria.net/conference.htm TRIZ FUTURE 2005],[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927124149/http://www.aitriz.org/ai/index.php?page=2006%2Ftrizcon2006&article=information TRIZCON2006],...
- Mailing goups: [https://web.archive.org/web/20060713201256/http://lists.topica.com/lists/triz at Topica.com],[http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/TRIZUK/ at YahooUK],[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/TRIZ_Learners/ TRIZ Learners at Yahoo],[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/c_triz/ c_triz at Yahoo],[https://web.archive.org/web/20060812160448/http://www.aitriz.org/ai/index.php#mlist Altshuller Institute Mailing List]
- [http://www.triz-guide.com TRIZ-Guide] On-line TRIZ studying courses
- Articles in Publications: The Manufacturer.com: [https://web.archive.org/web/20080726132210/http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/06/29/altshuller/index.html The science of invention] by Mark Wallace Can a theory cooked up by a Soviet labor camp survivor solve today's thorniest engineering problems and make the world a better place?
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060920092916/http://www.tiesmagazine.org/archives/jun_2004/pdf/jun_2004_Inventamin.pdf TIES - The Magazine of Design and Technology Education: TRIZ: The Wow Factor by Cal Halliburton. PDF file.]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070218025736/http://www.oracle.com/oramag/profit/03-nov/index.html?p43clevel.html PROFIT, Oracle's e-Business Magazine: Seeing the Forest for the TRIZ]
- [http://www.machinedesign.com/asp/viewPDFArticle.asp?strArticleId=38859&strArticleFileName=/Content/Issue/5226/501_38859.pdf&strSite=MDSite&strCallerPage=IndexSearch.asp page=1&strQueryText=TRIZ&strSponsorerName=&strSponsorerLogoFile= Machine Design: A systematic way to solve technical problems (PDF)]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070607183613/http://www.machinedesign.com/asp/viewPDFArticle.asp?strArticleId=24010&strArticleFileName=%2FContent%2FIssue%2F2463%2F501_24010.pdf&strSite=MDSite&strCallerPage=IndexSearch.asp%3Fpage%3D1&strQueryText=%22Inventive+Troubleshooting%22&strSpo Machine Design: Inventive Troubleshooting - article on Anticipatory Failure Determination™ (PDF)]
- [http://www.controleng.com/ Control Engineering International (follow the links to Technology Update: Safer Process Control Designs).]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120428215439/http://www.creatology-triz.com/ Journal of Creatology & TRIZ (Editor-in-chief:Sayed Mahdi Golestan Hashemi) Iran Research Center for Creatology,Innovation & TRIZ]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141227032538/http://www.triz.org.tw/ Taiwan TRIZ Association 中華萃思學會]
TRIZ 的精髓
基本的TRIZ 词汇
資源(Resource)
理想性(Ideality)
39工程參數
- 移动物体的重量
- 静止物体的重量
- 移动物体的长度
- 静止物体的长度
- 移动物体的面积
- 静止物体的面积
- 移动物体的体积
- 静止物体的体积
- 速度
10.力
11.张力/压力
12.形状
13.物体的稳定性
14.强度
15.移动物体的持久性
16.静止物体的持久性
17.温度
18.亮度
19.移动物体用的能源
20.非移动物体用的能源
21.功率
22.能源的浪费
23.物质的浪费
24.信息的流失
25.时间的浪费
26.物质的总量
27.可靠性
28.测量的准度
29.制造的准度
30.作用于物体的有害因素
31.有害的副作用
32.制造性
33.使用的便利性
34.修复性
35.适应性
36.设备的复杂性
37.控制的复杂性
38.自动化程度
39.产能/生产力
矛盾矩陣
40發明原則
再將其對應的解決法則,整理成矩陣的方式,提供了一個簡單查表的方式,讓我們能找到解決技術矛盾的原則,將這些找到的解決法則
物理矛盾與技術矛盾
物理矛盾是指系統中的某個參數的衝突特性,例如大小、長短、高低等等…譬如,我們對於私家車的「體積」(參數),希望它「大」(特性),讓乘客坐得舒適,又希望它「小」(特性),可以容易停車。「大」「小」兩個特性是矛盾的。
技術矛盾則是指系統中的某個參數改善時,另一個參數變差了。譬如我們希望私家車的「動力」更好,但「油耗」會變差。「動力」和「油耗」兩個參數彼此矛盾,即為技術矛盾。
物質-場分析
76標準解
演化趨勢
辨认问题:矛盾
标准解决方法
创造式的原则和矛盾矩阵技术
技术系统法则演变
领域分析
ARIZ -创造式解决问题算法
例子
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060831085800/http://www.inventioneeringco.com/Documents/Ontech_Self_Heating_Can.pdf TRIZ in Fortune Magazine]
- [http://www.osaka-gu.ac.jp/php/nakagawa/TRIZ/eTRIZ/epapers/ePoppe011107/ePoppe011107.html TRIZ in the Process Industry. Toru Nakagawa, Dec. 17, 2001]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716090830/http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2004/12/02 Pharmaceutical industry. TRIZcase study]
- [http://www.innovation-triz.com/papers/ Integration and Use of TRIZ to solve some of industry's most difficult problems. Innovation TRIZ, Papers]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716090818/http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2000/08/f/ Approaches to Application of TRIZ in Japan. Prof. Toru Nakagawa]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060815032211/http://www.triz-journal.com/matrix/index.htm 40 Inventive Principles for..] (Business Examples, Social Examples, Architecture Examples, Food Technology Examples, Software Development Examples, etc... in triz-journal.com)
- [http://www3.sympatico.ca/karasik/GF_40_principles_in_universe_operation_management.html 40 Inventive Principles with Applications in Universe Operations Management] (in The Anti TRIZ-journal)
- [http://www.trizexperts.net/AYL1paper.htm THE BIO-EFFECTS AND THEIR GUIDE IN TRIZ. A.Yu. Likhachev]
- [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321886748_The_dilemma_and_solution_of_Taiwan's_tourist_industry_on_Chinese_tourists_Application_of_TRIZ_method_to_tourist_industrial_innovation_lukelaitaiguanguangluxingyezhikunjingyufazhanyunyongTRIZtantaojing 陸客來台觀光旅行業之困境與發展:運用TRIZ探討經營創新]
评论
其它可行的方法
- 普遍可行的方法
- TRIZ/ARIZ
- 演变
- 创造式个性的发展
- 商业性的TRIZ 软件。
相關條目
*腦力激盪法
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*水平思考
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*系统科学
*试错
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参考
*[http://www3.sympatico.ca/karasik Thoughts Guiding Systems Corporation]。
*[http://www.invention-machine.com Goldfire Innovator] from the Invention Machine
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060813120530/http://www.ideationtriz.com/software.asp TRIZSoft] from Ideation International Inc.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060822092026/http://www.pretiumllc.com/Soft.htm Systematic Value Advancement (SVA)] from Pretium Consulting Services, LLC
*[http://www.triz.it/ TRIZ.it! Innovation Principles]
*[http://www3.sympatico.ca/karasik The Root Cause Finder]
*[http://www.led-professional.com Technology Web-Site for LED with TRIZ information]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060901022530/http://www.creaxinnovationsuite.com/ CREAX Innovation Suite] from CREAX of Belgium
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