瘦小猪笼草

瘦小猪笼草（学名：*'）是西马来西亚特有的热带食虫植物。其种加词“gracillima”来源于拉丁文“gracilis*”，意为“细长的，瘦小的”。

植物学史
20世纪初，英国植物学家亨利·尼古拉斯·里德利考察了马来西亚，并攀登了彭亨的大汉山。在考察期间，里德利发现了两种猪笼草。1908年，他将其中一种具有细长捕虫笼的猪笼草命名为瘦小猪笼草，其捕虫笼为绿色，上面具有明显的黑色斑点。1924年，里德利描述了第二种猪笼草，并将其命名为白猪笼草，其具有小型的白色捕虫笼。

下位笼外表面大多数为黄绿色，带有暗红色或紫色斑点。内表面的颜色较浅。唇为绿色或红色，且常带有暗红色或紫色的条纹。笼盖下表面为黄绿色或浅黄色，上表面为橄榄绿，常具有深紫色或黑色的斑点。在斯图尔特·麦克弗森所观察过的所有瘦小猪笼草的植株中，其下位笼的性状都是一致的。

种下类群
*Nepenthes gracillima f. ramispina (Ridl.) Hort.Westphal (2000) [=N. ramispina]
*Nepenthes gracillima var. maior Ridl. (1924)

相关物种
瘦小猪笼草、白猪笼草和岔刺猪笼草的分类比较混乱。查尔斯·克拉克在其专著中对瘦小猪笼草与岔刺猪笼草进行了区别。

参考文献

• Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102.
• Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.
• Kurup, R., A.J. Johnson, S. Sankar, A.A. Hussain, C.S. Kumar & S. Baby 2013. Fluorescent prey traps in carnivorous plants. Plant Biology 15(3): 611–615.
• Macfarlane, J.M. 1914. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33794727 Family XCVI. Nepenthaceæ.] [pp. 279–288] In: J.S. Gamble. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33794727 Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula, No. 24.] Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75(3): 279–391.
• Mansur, M. 2001. In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
• McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia and Indochina. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
• Meimberg, H. 2002.  Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
• Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840.
• Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490.
• Renner, T. & C.D. Specht 2011. A sticky situation: assessing adaptations for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales by means of stochastic character mapping. International Journal of Plant Sciences 172(7): 889–901.
• Ridley, H.N. 1909. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19043007 Nepenthaceæ.] [p. 59] In: [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19042949 The flora of the Telôm and Batang Padang valleys.] Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 4(1): 1–98.
• Ridley, H.N. 1915. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19063382 Nepenthaceæ.] [p. 11] In: [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19063372 I. An expedition to Mount Menuang Gasing, Selangor.] Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 6: 1–21.
• Ridley, H.N. 1915. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19063599 Nepenthaceæ.] [pp. 168–169] In: [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19063558 XIII. The botany of Gunong Tahan, Pahang.] Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 6: 127–202.
• Shivas, R.G. 1983. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 12(3): 65–67.
• Thorogood, C. 2010. Evolutionary and Taxonomic Perspectives. Nova Science Publishers, New York.

扩展阅读

• 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中[http://www.cpphotofinder.com/nepenthes-gracillima-545.html 瘦小猪笼草的照片]