美國西部拓荒时代（）、美国旧西部（）或狂野西部（）是指美國領土擴張時期，美國西部的歷史、地理、居民、文化等多元內涵的呈現。這段時間從17世纪初的英國美洲殖民地時期到1912年建立最後一個美國本土的州亚利桑那州為止。
美國領土地图
File:United States 1789-03-1789-08.png|1789年時的美國領土
File:United States 1845-12-1846-06.png|1845–46年時的美國領土
File:United States 1884-1889-11-02.png|1884–89年時的美國領土
File:United States 1912-08-1959-01.png|1912年時的美國領土
参考文献
延伸阅读
国势研究
- Billington, Ray Allen, and Martin Ridge. Westward Expansion: A History of the American Frontier (5th ed. 2001); 892 pp; textbook with 160 –pp of detailed annotated bibliographies [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.117611 older edition online]; also [https://archive.org/search.php?query=title%3A%28expansion%29%20AND%20creator%3A%28%20Ray%20Allen%20Billington%20%29 online 2001 abridged edition to borrow]
- Billington, Ray Allen. The Far Western frontier, 1830–1860 (1962), Wide-ranging scholarly survey; [https://archive.org/details/farwesternfront00bill online free]
- Clark, Thomas D. The rampaging frontier: Manners and humors of pioneer days in the South and the Middle West (1939).
- Deverell, William, ed. A Companion to the American West (Blackwell Companions to American History) (2004); 572 pp excerpt and text search
- Hawgood, John A. America's Western Frontiers (1st ed. 1967); 234 pp; textbook covering pre-Columbian era through the mid-twentieth century
- Heard, J. Norman. Handbook of the American Frontier (5 vol Scarecrow Press, 1987–98); Covers 1: The Southeastern Woodlands, 2: The Northeastern Woodlands, 3: The Great Plains, 4: The Far West and vol. 5: Chronology, Bibliography, Index. Compilation of Indian-white contacts & conflicts
- Hine, Robert V., and John Mack Faragher. The American West: A New Interpretive History (Yale University Press, 2000). 576 pp.; textbook
- Josephy, Alvin. The American heritage book of the pioneer spirit (1965)
- Lamar, Howard, ed. The New Encyclopedia of the American West (1998); this is a revised version of Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West ed. by Howard Lamar (1977)
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- Milner, Clyde, Carol O'Connor, and Martha Sandweiss, eds. The Oxford History of the American West (1994) long essays by scholars; [https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofa00clyd online free]
- Paxson, Frederic Logan. History of the American frontier, 1763–1893 (1924), an old survey by leading authority; Pulitzer Prize
- Paxson, Frederic Logan. The Last American Frontier (1910) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.60021 online free]
- Snodgrass, Mary Ellen, ed. Settlers of the American West: The Lives of 231 Notable Pioneers, (2015) McFarland & Company,
- Utley, Robert M. The Story of The West (2003)
- White, Richard. A New History of the American West (1991), textbook focused on the post-1890 far west
土地政策
- Gates, Paul W. "An overview of American land policy". Agricultural History (1976): 213–29. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3741919 in JSTOR]
- Gates, Paul W. "Homesteading in the High Plains". Agricultural History (1977): 109–33. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3741637 in JSTOR]
- Otto, John Solomon. The Southern Frontiers, 1607–1860: The Agricultural Evolution of the Colonial and Antebellum South (ABC-CLIO, 1989).
- Swierenga, Robert P. "Land Speculation and Its Impact on American Economic Growth and Welfare: A Historiographical Review". Western Historical Quarterly (1977) 8#3 pp: 283–302. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/966996 in JSTOR]
- Unruh, John David. The Overland Emigrants and the Trans-Mississippi West, 1840–1860 (1993)
- Van Atta, John R. Securing the West: Politics, Public Lands, and the Fate of the Old Republic, 1785–1850 (2014) xiii + 294 pp. [https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=42406 online review]
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历史学论
- Billington, Ray Allen. America's Frontier Heritage (1984), a favorable analysis of Turner's theories about social sciences and historiography [https://archive.org/details/americasfrontier00bill online]
- Etulain, Richard W., "Clio's Disciples on the Rio Grande: Western History at the University of New Mexico", New Mexico Historical Review 87 (Summer 2012), 277–98.
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- Hurtado, Albert L., "Bolton and Turner: The Borderlands and American Exceptionalism", Western Historical Quarterly, (Spring 2013) 44#1 pp. 5–20.
- Lewis, David Rich. "Native Americans in the nineteenth-century American West." in A Companion to the American West ed. by William Deverell (2004) pp: 143–161. [https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/6817197/mod_resource/content/1/Companion%20to%20the%20American%20West.pdf#page=155 online]
- Limerick, Patricia. The Legacy of Conquest: The Unbroken Past of the American West (1987), attacks Turner and promotes the New Western History
- Smith, Stacey L. "Beyond North and South: Putting the West in the Civil War and Reconstruction", Journal of the Civil War Era (Dec 2016) 6#4 pp. 566–91. [http://muse.jhu.edu/article/635054 excerpt]
- Spackman, S. G. F. "The Frontier and Reform in the United States." Historical Journal 13#2 (1970): 333–39. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2637942 online] .
- Weber, David J. "The Spanish Borderlands, Historiography Redux." The History Teacher, 39#1 (2005), pp. 43–56., [http://www.jstor.org/stable/30036743 online] .
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图片集合
- Brégent-Heald Dominique. "Primitive Encounters: Film and Tourism in the North American West", Western Historical Quarterly (2007) 38#1 (Spring, 2007), pp. 47–67 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/25443459 in JSTOR]
- Etulain, Richard W. Re-imagining the Modern American West: A Century of Fiction, History, and Art (1996)
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- Hyde, Anne Farrar. An American Vision: Far Western Landscape and National Culture, 1820–1920 (New York University Press, 1993)
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- Prown, Jules David, Nancy K. Anderson, and William Cronon, eds. Discovered Lands, Invented Pasts: Transforming Visions of the American West (1994)
- Rothman, Hal K. Devil's Bargains: Tourism and the Twentieth-Century American West (University of Kansas Press, 1998)
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- Wrobel, David M. Global West, American Frontier: Travel, Empire, and Exceptionalism from Manifest Destiny to the Great Depression (University of New Mexico Press, 2013) 312 pp.; evaluates European and American travelers' accounts
一手资料
- Phillips, Ulrich B. Plantation and Frontier Documents, 1649–1863; Illustrative of Industrial History in the Colonial and Antebellum South: Collected from MSS. and Other Rare Sources. Two volumes. (1909). [https://archive.org/search.php?query=title%3A%28%27%27Plantation%20and%20Frontier%29 vol 1 & 2 online]
- Still, Bayrd, ed. The West; contemporary records of America's expansion across the continent, 1607-1890 (1961) [https://archive.org/details/westcontemporary00stil online]
- Watts, Edward, and David Rachels, eds. The First West: Writing from the American Frontier, 1776–1860 (Oxford UP, 2002), 960 pp; primary sources' long excerpts from 59 authors; [https://www.amazon.com/First-West-American-Frontier-1776-1860/dp/0195141334/ excerpt]
- [https://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/three/ California Gold Rush, from PBS]
- [https://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/five/ 1860s and 1870s from PBS]
- [https://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/seven/ 1880s from PBS]
- [https://calisphere.org/exhibitions/t4/closing-frontier/ "Closing the Frontier", from U California]
学术文章
- [https://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=westhistquar Full text of all articles in Western Historical Quarterly, 1972 to present]
- [http://www.unl.edu/plains/publications/GPQ/gpq33.shtml Great Plains Quarterly Table of contents, 1981 to present] ; [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/great_plains_quarterly/ 2014 to present online articles]
参见
- 美国西部
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