火山爆發指數

火山爆發指數（，簡稱“”）是1982年美國地質調查局（USGS）的克里斯托福·G·紐豪爾教授（Christopher G. Newhall）和夏威夷大學馬諾阿分校的斯蒂芬·塞爾夫（Stephen Self）提出的量表，以噴出物體積、火山雲和定性觀測用來量度火山爆發的強烈程度。

火山爆發指數採用開放式尺度，歷史上最大型的火山爆發強度為8級，而非爆炸性噴發強度為0級，指數每增1級表示火山爆發威力大10倍。在奧陶紀與更新世之間發生的已发现的火山爆發指數8級的火山爆發共有47次，其中42次在過去3,600萬年內發生，最近一次是在26,500年前發生的陶波火山爆發。

分級
另見
File:Volcanic_eruption_map.svg|thumb|{}|{}|每個氣泡的表觀體積與噴出的火山灰的體積成線性比例，按照圖例中的噴發時間進行顏色編碼。粉色線表示聚合邊界，藍色線表示張裂邊界，黃色斑點表示熱點。

rect 155 178 251 196 2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption
rect 42 42 97 61 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens
rect 0 24 57 42 1912 eruption of Novarupta
rect 111 61 193 81 Yellowstone Caldera
rect 226 50 286 69 AD 79 Eruption of Mount Vesuvius
rect 127 99 189 116 1902 eruption of Santa María
rect 147 120 196 139 1280 eruption of Quilotoa
rect 158 144 225 163 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina
rect 155 31 222 48 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull
rect 71 81 154 99 Yellowstone Caldera
rect 233 17 321 34 1783 eruption of Laki
rect 234 33 298 50 1477 eruption of Bárðarbunga
rect 296 59 348 77 1650 eruption of Kolumbo
rect 243 80 319 99 Volcanic activity at Santorini
rect 299 107 375 126 Toba catastrophe theory
rect 400 40 470 59 Kuril Islands
rect 369 59 432 79 Baekdu Mountain
rect 369 81 431 100 Kikai Caldera
rect 431 97 482 114 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo
rect 434 114 509 133 Long Island (Papua New Guinea)
rect 378 114 431 132 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora
rect 350 129 401 148 1883 eruption of Krakatoa
rect 372 148 417 167 2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi
rect 433 139 509 158 Billy Mitchell (volcano)
rect 457 156 509 175 Taupo Volcano
rect 430 174 490 192 Taupo Volcano
rect 431 193 507 210 Taupo Volcano
poly 0 72 86 72 86 80 71 82 72 88 3 90 Crater Lake

desc bottom-left

• 超級火山

參考文獻
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外部連結

• [http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/images/pglossary/vei.php VEI glossary entry] from a United States Geological Survey website
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312094637/http://talk.workunlimited.co.uk/life/feature/story/0,13026,1294868,00.html How to measure the size of a volcanic eruption], from The Guardian
• [http://www.springerlink.com/content/v17amvu0unn4v7v4/ The size and frequency of the largest explosive eruptions on Earth], a 2004 article from the Bulletin of Volcanology
• [http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/largeeruptions.cfm List of Large Holocene Eruptions (VEI > 4) from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program]
• [http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/eruptioncriteria.cfm#VEI VEI (Volcanic Explosivity Index)] from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History

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