緙織壁毯

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緙織壁毯,又稱緙織挂毯,是指一種以緙織工藝紡織而成、挂在墙壁廊柱上的一种装饰用的艺术品。早期用羊毛、棉线等纺织,高档壁毯也有用丝绸、金线、银线等纺织,现在多用合成纤维,由织布机制作。緙織壁毯最初的功能是悬挂于房屋内部,以起到挡风御寒的作用。

緙織壁毯較為脆弱且難以製作,因此大多數歷史作品都都將艺术品該垂直掛在牆上(或有時掛在帳篷裡),或水平掛在桌子或床等家具上。此外,緙織壁毯需要與刺繡等不同技術區分開來,儘管帶有圖像的大片刺繡有時被粗略地稱為「掛毯」, 從中世紀開始,歐洲緙織壁毯其編織面積相當巨大大,它們通常成套製作,這樣整個房間都可以掛起來。

在中世紀晚期的歐洲,掛毯是最宏偉、最昂貴的二維圖像媒介,儘管在當時的時代,繪畫的重要性迅速上升,但至少在16世紀末之前,'緙織壁毯在許多文藝復興時期的贊助人眼中一直保持著高尚的地位,在法國大革命和拿破崙戰爭之前 ,歐洲繼續發展緙織壁毯,並反映藝術風格的更廣泛變化,在19世紀之後,緙織壁毯則較小的規模逐漸復興。

參考資料
;文獻
Campbell, Thomas P. and Ainsworth, Maryan Wynn, Tapestry in the Renaissance: Art and Magnificence*, 2002, Metropolitan Museum of Art, , [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RrW456UH02AC&printsec=frontcover&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false fully online]
Campbell (2007): Campbell, Thomas P., Henry VIII and the Art of Majesty: Tapestries at the Tudor Court*, 2007, Yale University Press, , [https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Henry_VIII_and_the_Art_of_Majesty.html?id=zXvYAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false google books]
*Campbell (2008): Campbell, Thomas P. “How Medieval and Renaissance Tapestries Were Made.” 2008, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, [https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/tapm/hd_tapm.htm online]
*[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/20386 Embroidery and Tapestry Weaving] , by Grace Christie, 1912, from Project Gutenberg. Technical handbook.
Olson, Rebecca. Arras Hanging: The Textile That Determined Early Modern Literature and Drama*, University of Delaware Press, 2013,
Osborne, Harold (ed), "Tapestry", in The Oxford Companion to the Decorative Arts*, 1975, OUP,

  • Pepper, Simon. "Battle pictures and military scenes" 2 (i), in Grove Art Online (restricted access, refs to sections), accessed March 22, 2011

Russell, Carol K. Tapestry Handbook. The Next Generation*, Schiffer Publ. Ltd., Atglen, PA. 2007,
*[https://www.rct.uk/collection/themes/trails/tapestries-in-the-royal-collection "Tapestries in the Royal Collection"] , Royal Collection
*"V&A": [https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/what-is-tapestry "What is tapestry?"] , Victoria and Albert Museum

;書籍
*
Thomas P Campbell, Tapestry in the Baroque: Threads of Splendor*, 2007, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Bremer–David, Clarissa, Woven Gold - Tapestries of Louis XIV*, 2016, Getty Publications / Yale
Souchal, Geneviève, Masterpieces of tapestry from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century*, 1974, Metropolitan Museum of Art

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