納瓦霍人

納瓦霍（；）是美國西南部的一支原住民族，為北美洲地區現存最大的美洲原住民族群，人口估計約有30萬人。「納瓦霍」族名由西班牙人所起，族人則自稱為「Diné」，即納瓦霍語「人」之意。

納瓦霍族也擁有現今美國面積最大的印第安保留地，部族政府稱為納瓦霍國，橫跨亞利桑那、新墨西哥和猶他三州，面積7萬平方公里。部族政府拥有地方自治權，首府設在亞利桑那州温多罗克（Window Rock）鎮。

语言
納瓦霍族群有自己的语言納瓦霍語，沒有文字，只能口口相傳，其构成相当复杂，外族人幾乎無人能瞭解。因此，在太平洋戰爭中曾用于作为密码进行明码呼叫用，以讓日本軍無法破解美方密碼，至二戰結束时也沒有被破解。

參見
*獵風行動
*塞班島戰役
*诺曼底登陆
*東尼·席勒曼（Tony Hillerman）的作品：印地安警探系列

相關書籍

Bailey, L. R. (1964). The Long Walk: A History of the Navaho Wars, 1846–1868.
Bighorse, Tiana. (1990). Bighorse the Warrior. Ed. Noel Bennett, Tucson: University of Arizona Press.

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Clarke, Dwight L. (1961). Stephen Watts Kearny: Soldier of the West. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press a
Downs, James F. (1972). The Navajo. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

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Gilpin, Laura. (1968). The Enduring Navaho. Austin: University of Texas Press.

Hammond, George P. and Rey, Agapito (editors) (1940). Narratives of the Coronado Expedition 1540–1542. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
Henderson, Richard.(1994). “Replicating Dog Travois Travel on the Northern Plains.” Plains Anthropologist, V39:145–59
Iverson, Peter. (2002). Diné: A History of the Navahos. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-2714-1
Kelly, Lawrence (1970). Navajo Roundup, Pruett Pub. Co., Colorado.
Kluckholm, Clyde & Leighton, Dorothea (1946). The Navaho. Cambridge: Oxford University Press.
Loewen, James. W. (1999). Lies Across America. Pages 100–101; The New Press.
McNitt, Frank. (1972). Navajo Wars. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.

Plog, Stephen. Ancient Peoples of the American Southwest. Thames and London, LTD, London, England, 1997. ISBN 0-500-27939-X.
Compiled (1973). Roessel, Ruth (editor). Navajo Stories of the Long Walk Period. Tsaile, Arizona: Navajo Community College Press.

Terrell, J. U. (1970). The Navajos.
Underhill, Ruth M. (1956). The Navahos. Norman: The University of Oklahoma Press.
Witherspoon, Gary. (1977). Language and Art in the Navajo Universe. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

外部連結
*[http://www.navajo.org] 納瓦霍政府網站
*[http://discovernavajo.com Navajo Tourism] 納瓦霍政府旅遊局網站
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081122153616/http://www.unco.edu/library/gov/middle_ground/navajos.htm Middle Ground Project] of Northern Colorado University with images of U.S. documents of treaties and reports 1846–1931
*[http://www.utah.com/tribes/navajo_people.htm Navajo People] 猶他州旅遊局有關納瓦霍族資料
*[http://www.greatdreams.com/navajo.htm A Brief Overview of the Navajo People] (as of October 18, 2004)
*[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/17275 Navajo Silversmiths] , by Washington Matthews, 1883 from Project Gutenberg
*[http://www.nisj.org Navajo Institute for Social Justice]
*[http://www.blueskyturquoise.com/navajo-jewelry.html Navajo Jewelry Information]
*[http://navajoartcrafts.free.fr Navajo Artcrafts] Website created by students of GreyHills Academy High School in Tuba City AZ.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130619215341/http://www.camerontradingpost.com/navajoweavinghx.html Navajo weaving]