里氏替换原则

在面向对象的程序设计中，里氏替换原则（Liskov Substitution principle）是对子类型的特别定义。它由芭芭拉·利斯科夫（Barbara Liskov）在1987年在一次会议上名为“数据的抽象与层次”的演说中首先提出。

里氏替换原则的内容可以描述为：
“派生类（子类）对象可以在程式中代替其基类（超类）对象。”
以上内容并非利斯科夫的原文，而是译自罗伯特·马丁（Robert Martin）对原文的解读。其原文为：
:Let q(x) be a property provable about objects x of type T. Then q(y) should be true for objects y of type S where S is a subtype of T.

芭芭拉·利斯科夫与周以真（Jeannette Wing）在1994年发表论文并提出以上的Liskov代換原則。

引用
參考文獻
一般參考

• This paper surveys various notions of behavioral subtyping, including Liskov and Wing's.

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An updated version appeared: The formalization of the principle by its authors.

• Contains a gentler introduction to behavioral subtyping in its various forms in chapter 2.
• An article popular in the object-oriented programming community that gives several examples of LSP violations.
• This paper discusses LSP in the mentioned context.

具體參考

• A keynote address in which Liskov first formulated the principle.

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参閲

• SOLID - “SOLID”中的 L 指代了里氏替换原则

*類型簽名
*(Referential transparency)
*(Refinement (computing))
*(Composition over inheritance)

外部連結
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• [https://medium.com/@wrong.about/liskov-substitution-principle-a982551d584a Liskov Substitution Principle Explained]

*[https://www.tomdalling.com/blog/software-design/solid-class-design-the-liskov-substitution-principle/ SOLID Class Design: The Liskov Substitution Principle]
*[https://medium.com/swlh/lsp-liskov-substitution-principle-24311d1f854 LSP: Liskov Substitution Principle]